兩會在即 各方人士談最關心的問題
The View From Some Prominent Corners Of China
In the run-up to this week's big legislative meetings in Beijing, the Chinese magazine Phoenix Weekly invited 43 prominent figures from around Greater China to discuss the issues they will be paying special attention to this year. Below are selected highlights, taken from the magazine and translated by The Wall Street Journal:
Ai Weiwei, artist: People say the year 2009 was 'Year One of rights protection,' as there were so many incidents. The outbreak of this is in fact closely related to the Internet. As for me, we made efforts to demand that the government open up access to information, and we sent 67 letters to the State Council, Sichuan province and its cities and counties to request disclosure of information, and our letters contained thousands of detailed questions. Our work was thorough, but so far we haven't received a single reply. This is the issue I care about the most. I think the right of ordinary people to be informed and the transparency of politics determines whether a society can develop in a healthy and stable manner, and also it's an important symbol of modern politics....I think in 2009, there was still a lot of room to improve the problem of information disclosure, at least in some local governments. I will continue to keep a close eye on the transparency of government information in 2010
Cao Jingxing, media commentator and former TV talk show host: In China in 2010, I will pay great attention to powerful authorities at various levels as well as monopoly state-owned enterprises that have close ties with the powerful, and see whether they can be effectively contained. Over the past year, we've seen the so-called 'guojin mintui' (the state-owned sector advances while the private sector retreats) including the infringement of private ownership rights by special interest groups, and it also signifies the shrinkage of the non-public sectors of the economy. If 2010 continues like this, it would mean the end of China's reform process.
Chen Zhaohua, chief editor, Southern Metropolis Weekly: For the year 2010, I care most about 'how to properly manage the inflation forecast.' there is inflation, then it's a matter of how to solve the ongoing difficult problems, such as ensuring the survival of low-income and poor families, I hope the decision makers will supply some effective measures and solutions to deal with the possible inflation... otherwise, the issue of people's livelihoods could very possibly turn into a difficult social problem, something none of us want to see.
He Xuefeng, agricultural expert: In the year 2010, I will continue to pay attention to the issue of agricultural land, as well as issue of migrant workers who return home. I think we must improve the protection of basic human rights for farmers, and this basic human right is the freedom of farmers to go to cities and freely return to their hometowns... What we want to see is whether migrant workers are able to make a decent living in cities, with stable employment and income, and if not, we must allow them to return home.
Li Yining, economist at Peking University: The top priority for 2010 is to achieve indigenous innovation. Only with indigenous innovation can we realize industrial improvements and adjustment of industrial structures. Only if China innovates can it be competitive. And we need indigenous innovation to create a larger market and to improve the prospects of China's employment situation.
Mo Shaoping, a lawyer and rights defender, whose clients include well-known dissident Liu Xiaobo: I will continue to pay great attention to the issue of social justice. Without social justice we will never really have a prosperous country with people living in peace.
Nan Fang Shuo, (pen name for Wang Hsing-ching), a Taiwanese writer and political commentator: In 2010, I am most interested in the trade frictions between China and the U.S. It's expected that the unemployment situation in the U.S. won't improve until the end of this year, and its trade protectionism against China deserves our utmost vigilance.
Xu Xiaonian, economist at China Europe International Business School: From 2009 to this year, I have focused most on the structural adjustment of the Chinese economy under the impact of the financial financial crisis, to a large extent, has had a major impact on our traditional models and forced us to adjust our structure, but due to the execution of policies aimed at driving domestic consumption, the 'crisis' hasn't been turned into an 'opportunity', instead, economic structural adjustments have been delayed. Since we didn't adjust the structure in a timely manner, this year, our economy is likely to hit the bottom for the second time after the effect of the government's stimulus plan has worn off.
在本週中國兩會即將召開之際，中文雜誌《鳳凰週刊》邀請了43位知名學者、專家、媒體高管和評論家等，討論他們個人今年最關注的問題。以下是部分節選：
艾未未艾未未，藝術家：2009年，有人說是“維權元年”，事情發生得非常多。這種爆發性涌現，實際上跟互聯網有很大的關係。對我來說，我們做了一個要求政府信息公開的嘗試，給了國務院、四川省，以及其市縣，寫了六七十封要求信息公開的申請信件，含有幾千個問題，問的很詳盡。我們做了很認真的工作，但是沒有得到一條回答。這是我最關注的問題。我認爲，百姓的知情權和執政的透明度，決定了一個社會能否平穩健康發展，這是現代政治最重要的一個特徵。……我認爲2009年，至少在一些地方政府信息公開問題上，仍然需要改進。2010年，我關注的焦點仍然是政府信息公開。
曹景行，媒體評論家、前電視談話節目主持人：2010年的中國，我最關注的是各級權力以及同權力結合的國有壟斷企業，能不能受到有效的制約。過去一年裏所謂的“國進民退”，包含着特殊利益集團對私有產權的侵犯，也意味着非公經濟的萎縮，如果2010年繼續如此進退，中國的改革進程就走到頭了。
陳朝華，《南都週刊》主編：對2010年，我最關心的問題，是“如何管理好通脹預期”。……因此，我個人對如何抑制通脹，一旦通脹真的出現、低收入貧困家庭的生存難題如何破解等老生常談的問題非常關注，希望決策者能未雨綢繆，拿出行之有效的應對預案，解大家後顧之憂。否則，民生問題很有可能轉化爲棘手的社會問題，那是大家都不願意看到的。
賀雪峯，三農問題專家：2010年我將繼續關注土地問題，也繼續關注農民工返鄉問題。若用人權的話語，我認爲，我們必須爲農民提供基本人權保障，這個基本的人權保障就是，農民可以自由進城，又可以自由返鄉。……我們要看到，進城務工的農民並沒有獲得可以在城市體面生活下來的穩定就業和收入條件，當他們無法在城市體面生活下去時，必須要讓他們可以返鄉。
厲以寧，北京大學經濟學家：2010年最要緊的是自主創新。因爲只有自主創新、產業升級、結構調整，中國發明纔有競爭力，而且只有自主創新，纔能有更大的市場，中國的就業也就有了好的前途。
莫少平，律師：我對2010年中國時局的關注仍然是社會公平問題，沒有社會公平就不可能有真正意義上的國泰民安！
南方朔，臺灣評論家：2010年，我最關心的是“美中的貿易摩擦”問題。美國失業率估計到2010年底都不可能有效改善，對中國的保護主義的確值得警惕！
許小年，中歐國際工商學院經濟學家：2009年和今年我最關注的是，在金融危機的衝擊下，中國經濟的結構調整。……金融危機在很大程度上衝擊了我們的傳統模式，迫使我們進行結構的調整，但是由於拉動內需政策的執行，“危”沒有轉變成“機”，只是把結構的調整又推遲了。由於結構沒有及時進行調整，今年有可能在政府的“燒錢”效應過去之後經濟發生二次探底。
