韓國敦促公民勿進朝鮮海外餐廳
Seoul has extended its drive against North Korean revenue streams to the culinary arena by urging citizens to avoid restaurants across Asia that help Pyongyang secure foreign currency.
首爾方面將其切斷朝鮮收入來源的行動延伸到了餐飲領域，敦促本國公民避免到海外的朝鮮餐廳就餐。這些餐廳分佈在亞洲各地、幫助平壤獲得外匯收入。
The call was intended to “block more thoroughly the flow of foreign currency into North Korea,” Seoul’s foreign ministry said yesterday, “given the concerns about it using hard currency for nuclear weapon and missile development”.
這一呼籲旨在“更徹底地阻止外匯流入朝鮮”，韓國外交部昨日表示，這是“出於對朝鮮將硬通貨用於核武器和導彈研發的顧慮”。
South Korea has adopted an unusually assertive stance towards Kim Jong Un’s regime since Pyongyang defied UN sanctions on February 7 to launch a satellite using ballistic missile technology, a month after carrying out its fourth nuclear test.
2月7日，在進行第四次核試驗一個月後，平壤方面公然違抗聯合國(UN)制裁，發射了一枚應用了彈道導彈技術的衛星，此後韓國對金正恩(Kim Jong Un)政權展現出異常強硬的立場。
Seoul last week suspended operations at the Kaesong industrial park, 10km north of the border, where North Korean workers are employed by South Korean companies, for the first time since its establishment in 2004. Noting that workers’ wages were paid directly to the North Korean government, Seoul said the project had been helping fund Pyongyang’s nuclear programme.
上週，首爾方面暫停了開城工業園的運營，這是自2004年該工業園建成以來韓國方面首次採取這一舉動。開城工業園位於韓朝邊境線以北10公里，入駐工業園的韓國企業僱傭朝鮮工人工作。首爾方面指出，工業園工人的工資被直接付給朝鮮政府，因此該項目一直在幫助向平壤核項目輸送資金。
By expanding its crackdown to North Korea’s overseas restaurants, Seoul has taken aim at an increasingly conspicuous source of foreign currency for Pyongyang. Reports have suggested South Korean tourists and business travellers make up a significant part of the clientele at the restaurants.
通過將打擊範圍擴大到朝鮮海外餐廳，首爾將目標對準了平壤一條日益明顯的外匯來源。據報道，韓國遊客和商務旅客是此類餐廳的重要客源。
In its energetic approach to cutting funding streams to North Korea, Seoul appeared to be trying to set an example as it sought to persuade China and other nations to impose tougher sanctions at the UN Security Council, said Kim Jae-chun, a professor at Sogang University.
首爾西江大學(Sogang University)的教授Kim Jae-chun稱，藉助旨在切斷朝鮮資金來源的有力措施，首爾方面似乎正在嘗試樹立一個榜樣，因爲它希望說服中國及其他國家，在聯合國安理會(Security Council)對朝鮮實施更嚴厲的制裁。
At the end of last year there were 129 restaurants across 12 countries, the Weekly Chosun magazine reported. Most are in China, where the owners include government bodies such as Pyongyang City Government and the Ministry of Culture and Sports, according to the North Korea Strategy Centre, a non-profit group. Other outposts can be found in Ulan Bator, Dubai and Moscow.
據《朝鮮週刊》(Weekly Chosun)報道，截至去年年底，朝鮮海外餐廳共有129家，分佈在12個國家。據首爾非盈利性機構朝鮮戰略中心(North Korea Strategy Centre)稱，其中大多數餐廳開在中國，所有者包括平壤市政府和文化體育部等政府機構。還有些餐廳在烏蘭巴托、迪拜和莫斯科。
The restaurants serve traditional Korean food ranging from rice cakes to dog meat stew and are staffed by young women in matching uniforms.
這些餐廳供應傳統朝鮮美食，從年糕到燉狗肉等，員工多爲穿着統一制服的年輕女性。
The female workers are recruited entirely from Pyongyang, according to NKSC researchers. “If you have a pretty face and are taller than 1.62m you have a high chance [of being selected],” a former waitress at a restaurant in China told the researchers. “But if you are not, you can still pay the management department and be selected discreetly.”
據朝鮮戰略中心的研究員表示，女性員工全部從平壤招聘而來。“如果你有一張漂亮的臉，身高在1.62米以上，你就有很大的機會（被選中），”曾在中國一家朝鮮餐廳當過服務員的女士向研究員稱，“如果你沒達到這些要求，你也可以給管理部門一些錢，悄悄地被選上。”
Defectors say that work opportunities abroad are sought after because they offer far higher wages than formal jobs at home, which typically pay only about $1 a month at the black market exchange rate, forcing citizens to rely on black market activity.
脫北者稱，海外工作機會在朝鮮很搶手，因爲它們的薪水比國內正式工作高得多（按黑市匯率，後者通常每個月工資僅相當於1美元左右，這迫使人們依賴於黑市活動）。
More than 50,000 North Koreans work abroad, earning Pyongyang up to $2.3bn a year, according to Marzuki Darusman, the UN special rapporteur on human rights in North Korea.
聯合國朝鮮人權狀況特別報告員馬祖基達魯斯曼(Marzuki Darusman)表示，在海外工作的朝鮮人超過5萬，每年最高可爲平壤帶來23億美元的收入。
