年《胡潤百富榜》發佈
The secretive billionaire who launched a hostile takeover bid for China’s largest property developer has emerged as one of the country’s richest people, illustrating how leveraged financial investments are propelling huge increases in private wealth.
對中國最大房地產開發商發起敵意收購的神祕億萬富翁姚振華已成爲中國最富有的人之一，這凸顯出了槓桿金融投資正如何推動私人財富取得巨大增長。
According to the Hurun Report’s annual China Rich List, Yao Zhenhua’s net worth surged more than nine times to $17.2bn last year, making him the country’s fourth richest person. Last year he was ranked 204th.
2016年度的《胡潤百富榜》顯示，姚振華的淨財富去年漲了逾8倍，至172億美元，他也因此成爲中國的第四大富豪。去年他的排名是第204位。
Wang Jianlin, the entertainment mogul behind a series of high-profile acquisitions in Hollywood, and internet tycoon Jack Ma retained their spots at the top of the list, with fortunes of $32.1bn and $30.6bn respectively.
在好萊塢完成一系列高調收購的娛樂業大亨王健林、以及互聯網巨頭馬雲(Jack Ma)分別以321億美元和306億美元的財富，保住了他們在榜單上的頭名和次名位置。
Mr Yao, 46, is based in the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen and first made his fortune in real estate. But it was his Baoneng Group’s foray into insurance and subsequent raid on Vanke, a cross-city property rival, that fuelled the estimated ninefold increase in his net worth in the space of a year.
46歲的姚振華以深圳爲大本營，在房地產上賺取了第一桶金。但他的淨財富之所以能在一年內增長約8倍，憑藉的是他旗下的寶能集團(Baoneng Group)進軍保險業和隨後對房地產業競爭對手萬科(Vanke)展開“突襲”。萬科在中國多座城市擁有業務。
Baoneng is believed to have borrowed heavily to fund its share purchases in Vanke and is now the developer’s largest single shareholder with a 25 per cent stake.
據信，寶能借入了大筆資金來購買萬科的股票。現在，它已是萬科最大的股東，持股比例爲25%。
“Yao represents the new wave of wealth creation by financial investments in China,” said Rupert Hoogewerf, who compiles the annual list.
《胡潤百富榜》的編制者胡潤（Rupert Hoogewerf，見文首圖）表示：“姚振華代表了中國金融投資創造財富的新浪潮。”
Baoneng’s raid has been bitterly resisted by Wang Shi, Vanke’s founder who has sought out white knights in a so far successful effort to retain control of the management-led company. The takeover battle fuelled a surge both in the price of Vanke’s Shenzhen-traded shares and Mr Yao’s known worth.
寶能的“突襲”遭到了萬科創始人王石的強烈抵制，後者尋找“白衣騎士”出手相助，迄今爲止成功地保住了對這家由管理層主導的企業的控制權。這場收購大戰既推動萬科在深圳股市的股價大漲，又大幅推升了姚振華的已知財富。
It is not unusual for the documented wealth of China’s richest people to surge suddenly — or even for previously unknown tycoons to burst into prominence — as stock exchange listings and other public investments thrust them into the spotlight.
中國富豪的賬面財富突然暴漲，乃至此前不爲人知的大亨一躍成名，都不是什麼稀罕事，在股市上市和其他公開投資會將他們一下子推到聚光燈下。
“We miss a heck of a lot of people,” Mr Hoogewerf told the Financial Times. “I was in Beijing two weeks ago and visited this investment company. In the space of one afternoon I discovered 30 people who went on to our rich list this year. Last year they were under our radar.”
“還有大批人沒有統計進來，”胡潤對英國《金融時報》表示，“兩週前我在北京拜訪了這家投資公司。一下午的時間，我就發掘出了30個登上今年富豪榜的人。他們去年還不在我們的視線內。”
Hurun’s China Rich List, which tracks more than 2,000 private entrepreneurs with a net worth of $300m or higher, added 179 names to its roster this year.
《胡潤百富榜》追蹤逾2000名淨財富在3億美元或以上的民營企業家，今年的榜單新增了179位富豪。
Hurun estimates that there are now 594 US dollar billionaires in China and another 94 in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macau, compared with 535 in the US.
胡潤估計，中國內地目前有594位身家十億美元以上的富豪，在香港、臺灣和澳門還有94位，而美國僅有535位。
Despite the surge of private wealth in China, the country’s billionaires have not yet cracked the top ranks of global rich lists. Hurun estimates that Mr Wang, China’s richest man and head of the Wanda group, ranks 26th globally.
儘管中國的私人財富大幅增長，但中國的億萬富豪仍未躋身全球頂級富豪行列。胡潤估計，中國首富、萬達集團(Wanda Group)掌門人王健林在全球富豪中排名第26位。
Mr Hoogewerf said that Mr Wang delisted his group’s property arm from the Hong Kong stock exchange this year in the hope of realising a richer valuation for it on the Shanghai or Shenzhen bourse.
胡潤表示，王健林今年已將集團旗下的地產公司從港交所退市，希望該公司能在上海或深圳交易所實現更高的估值。
If successful, Hurun estimates that Mr Wang’s net worth could soar past $50bn, making him one of the world’s 10 richest men.
胡潤估計，如果此舉獲得成功，王健林的淨財富可能會猛增至逾500億美元，令他躋身世界前十大富豪之列。
