雅思閱讀材料大集合：高額學費導致英國大學生減少17%
雅思閱讀考試不算很難，但還是要大家認真備考，爲了方便大家，下面小編給大家帶來雅思閱讀材料大集合：高額學費導致英國大學生減少17%。
雅思閱讀材料大集合：高額學費導致英國大學生減少17%
The government says undergraduate numbers have 'returned to record levels'.
英國政府表示本科生數量“降至新低”。
There was a 17% fall in the number of first year undergraduates at UK universities in the first year of higher tuition fees, official figures show.
官方數據顯示，在年高昂的學費面前，英國大學的本科生的數量減少了17%。
In 2012-13 UK universities were allowed to treble their yearly fees to ￡9,000.
在2012-13年間，英國大學被默許增加每年的學費至9000英鎊。
England saw a 12% fall in new full-time undergraduate students overall.
英格蘭新的全日制本科學生整體減少了12%。
The government acknowledged the fall but stressed that demand for full time higher education has already "returned to record levels".
政府承認總體數量有所減少，但強調對全日制高等教育的需求已經“回到過去的水平”。
A spokesperson for Department for Business, Innovation and Skills said the figures were influenced by a higher number of students taking up places the previous year, rather than having a gap year.
英國政府商業創新和技術部的發言人表示，這數據受到了一些學生的影響，他們更多是提前一年申請上大學的，而不是選擇間隔年。
"A reduction in entrants in 2012 was well documented and the numbers were affected by the significant number of students who opted not to defer their place from the year before," she said.
她表示：“2012年的新生的減少也揭示，新生數量受到相當一部分學生的影響，他們沒有選擇從一年前推遲他們的位置。”
雅思閱讀材料大集合之比爾蓋茨：地上有100美元我會撿
"Hello Reddit - I'm Bill Gates, co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Microsoft founder. Ask me anything."
“Reddit你好!我是比爾-蓋茨，比爾與梅琳達蓋茨基金會聯合主席及微軟創始人。你可以問我任何問題。”
And so they did.
結果人們真的就什麼都問。
Fresh from helping to choose the next CEO to run the company he co-founded nearly four decades ago, Gates descended from the mountaintop to mix it up with the new media masses with his second Reddit appearance in the last year.
大約40年前，比爾-蓋茨創辦了微軟公司，而他在幫忙選完微軟的下屆CEO後，開始與媒體打起了交道。去年他已經參加過一次Reddit問答了，今年是第二次參加。
Even before the festivities officially got underway, Gates posted a video where he answered a question ahead of time by someone left on the Reddit board asking whether he would pick up a $100 bill if he saw the money lying on the ground.
在正式參加問答活動前，比爾-蓋茨還在網上發佈了一則視頻，視頻中他回答了此前網友在Reddit留言板上提出的問題，比如：如果你發現地上有100美元，你會去撿嗎?
"Well, all my thoughts about money were formed at a time when $100 really was a substantial amount of it's lying there and maybe it belongs to somebody and you ought to find it for them and return it to them," he said. "It'd be nice. They'd probably be fairly distraught about having dropped it. But i would pick it up and give it to the foundation because there, $100 actually buys quite a bit."
比爾-蓋茨回答說“在我還認爲100美元是一大筆錢的時候，我就已經形成了對待金錢的觀念。所以，一張鈔票掉在地上，也許是其他人掉落的，而你應該撿起來還給失主。這是善舉，因爲掉錢的人可能因爲掉了鈔票而懊喪不已。如果是我的話，我會把100美元撿起來並放進基金會，因爲這100美元可以派上很大的用途。”
雅思閱讀材料大集合：美學者發明可視眼鏡
High-tech glasses developed at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis may help surgeons visualize cancer cells, which glow blue when viewed through the eyewear.
The wearable technology, so new it's yet unnamed, was used during surgery for the first time today at Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine.
Cancer cells are notoriously difficult to see, even under high-powered magnification. The glasses are designed to make it easier for surgeons to distinguish cancer cells from healthy cells, helping to ensure that no stray tumor cells are left behind during surgery.
"We're in the early stages of this technology, and more development and testing will be done, but we're certainly encouraged by the potential benefits to patients," said breast surgeon Julie Margenthaler, MD, an associate professor of surgery at Washington University, who performed today's operation. "Imagine what it would mean if these glasses eliminated the need for follow-up surgery and the associated pain, inconvenience and anxiety."
Current standard of care requires surgeons to remove the tumor and some neighboring tissue that may or may not include cancer cells. The samples are sent to a pathology lab and viewed under a microscope. If cancer cells are found in neighboring tissue, a second surgery often is recommended to remove additional tissue that also is checked for the presence of cancer.
The glasses could reduce the need for additional surgical procedures and subsequent stress on patients, as well as time and expense.
Margenthaler said about 20 to 25 percent of breast cancer patients who have lumps removed require a second surgery because current technology doesn't adequately show the extent of the disease during the first operation.
"Our hope is that this new technology will reduce or ideally eliminate the need for a second surgery," she said.
The technology, developed by a team led by Samuel Achilefu, PhD, professor of radiology and biomedical engineering at Washington University, incorporates custom video technology, a head-mounted display and a targeted molecular agent that attaches to cancer cells, making them glow when viewed with the glasses.
In a study published in the Journal of Biomedical Optics, researchers noted that tumors as small as 1 mm in diameter (the thickness of about 10 sheets of paper) could be detected.
Ryan Fields, MD, a Washington University assistant professor of surgery and Siteman surgeon, plans to wear the glasses later this month when he operates to remove a melanoma from a patient. He said he welcomes the new technology, which theoretically could be used to visualize any type of cancer.
"A limitation of surgery is that it's not always clear to the naked eye the distinction between normal tissue and cancerous tissue," Fields said. "With the glasses developed by Dr. Achilefu, we can better identify the tissue that must be removed."
In pilot studies conducted on lab mice, the researchers utilized indocyanine green, a commonly used contrast agent approved by the Food and Drug Administration. When the agent is injected into the tumor, the cancerous cells glow when viewed with the glasses and a special light.
Achilefu, who also is co-leader of the Oncologic Imaging Program at Siteman Cancer Center and professor of biochemistry and molecular biophysics, is seeking FDA approval for a different molecular agent he's helping to develop for use with the glasses. This agent specifically targets and stays longer in cancer cells.
"This technology has great potential for patients and health-care professionals," Achilefu said. "Our goal is to make sure no cancer is left behind."
Dr. Achilefu has worked with Washington University's Office of Technology Management and has a patent pending for the technology.
The research is funded by the National Cancer Institute (R01CA171651) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
透過一副特製的高科技眼鏡，醫生小心切除閃着藍光的癌變組織……當地時間2月10日，一臺特殊的外科手術在美國密蘇里州聖路易斯市一家醫院裏進行，藉助這項剛剛問世的可視技術，原本幾不可見的癌細胞變得無所遁形。
據美國媒體報道，這副能夠“看見”癌細胞的眼鏡由華盛頓大學(W U)放射學和生物醫學工程學教授塞繆爾?阿基裏弗教授領隊研發成功，在理想狀態下，它可以幫助外科醫生在手術時一次性徹底切除所有癌變組織。
衆所周知，即使置於高性能的顯微鏡下，癌細胞也難以被發現。但有了這副眼鏡之後，醫生能夠輕鬆區分健康細胞和癌細胞，從而確保首次手術時不會遺漏任何癌變組織，進行二次切除手術以“查缺補漏”的可能性也由此大大降低。
據介紹，使用時，需要先把一種特定的分子藥劑塗抹在腫瘤及其周邊組織上，這種藥劑會附着於癌細胞、令其發出肉眼不可見的光芒，然後，主刀醫生戴上一個形似眼鏡的頭盔式顯示器，通過自定義視頻技術，即可看清癌細胞分佈於何處。
“目前，我們尚處於研究初期，未來會進行更多的改進和測試工作。”乳腺外科醫生朱莉?馬格塔勒是10日進行手術的主刀大夫，同時也是個在實際操作中使用癌細胞可視眼鏡的人，“一想到這項新技術將令病患獲益良多，我們就幹勁十足。”
依據現在的醫護流程，外科醫生手術時需要切除腫瘤及其附近組織，而這些組織中可能存在、也可能不存在癌細胞。隨後，切除下的組織標本被送往病理實驗室接受檢驗，如果在其中發現癌細胞，則需進行第二次甚至多次手術，直至癌變組織被完全切除。
據馬格塔勒介紹，依靠現有的技術，無法準備判定癌變組織的全部範圍，所以大約20%至25%的乳腺癌患者接受首次手術切除腫瘤後，還需經受第二次手術。
“藉助這種癌細胞可視眼鏡，可以在首次手術時一次性切除所有癌變組織。這意味着，沒有必要再進行後續手術，病人也無需承擔隨之而來的病痛和手術費用。”馬格塔勒希望，這項新技術能夠降低、甚至完全消除二次手術。
雅思閱讀材料大集合：怎麼拍照會顯瘦?
IF YOU’RE LIKE ME, YOU’RE CONSTANTLY LOOKING FOR TIPS TO LOOK SKINNY IN PICTURES. by Lyndsie
It’s not that I’m necessarily unhappy with my body, but if I’m going to be showing a picture to the world (or my world, at least) on Facebook or what have you, I want to look my best. I want to know how to pose, how to find my best angles, and all the things they try to teach you on America’s Next Top Model. I’m no Tyra Banks, but if you’re in the same boat, then I’ve got some excellent tips to look skinny in pictures you may be able to use!
1. Get the Camera above You 將鏡頭置於頭頂
A lot of tips to look skinny in pictures are actually subtle little tricks that any photographer can use. One such trick is to make sure that the camera above you. You don’t have to place it incredibly high; you can just hold it above your head or place it on a shelf that’s taller than you. Because of the angle, you’ll need to look up, which elongates your neck and makes you look wonderfully slim。
2. Watch Your Head 看着你的頭部
The position of your head actually makes a huge difference about how you look in a picture. You shouldn’t pull your head back at an angle, for instance. That can make your chin look longer, so even if you’re thin, your face will look much bigger. Instead, position your head forward; even if you have a double chin, that will minimize it and create the illusion of slimness。
3. Twist It 扭動身體
Positioning your body correctly is another great tip to look skinny in pictures. You don’t want to face the camera full on, because no matter what, that’s going to make you look larger. Keep your spine straight and your shoulders squared, and twist yourself away from the lens. You can instead turn halfway to the side, put one foot in front of your other one, and keep that toe pointing toward the camera, while your weight rests on your other foot。
4. Suck It In 收腹
This kind of goes without saying, except you’ve got to be careful about it. It’s important, again, to have terrific posture when you do this, with your back and shoulders straight. You only want to suck in your stomach a little – don’t do it so much that your ribs are visible. That makes it incredibly obvious to any viewer that you’re sucking in to look skinnier。
5. At Arms 注意你的胳膊
The way you position your arms is vital if you want to look slim in a photo. You can either hold them out from your sides just a little, so that your upper arms don’t flatten, thereby looking wider, or you can turn three quarters away from the camera and put your hand on your hip. Not only will you look fierce, you’ll look skinny, too!
6. Wear Dark Clothing 穿深色衣服
Not every tip to look skinny in pictures involves the positioning of your body, though. How you dress makes a huge difference, as well. If you wear darker clothes, they will instantly slim you down. Black is always the new black for a reason, and besides that, the resulting picture will look wonderfully dramatic. Remember, the type of clothing you wear matters too – anything too large will make it look like you’re trying to hide something, while tight-fitting clothes will show bulges that aren’t even there。
7. Choose the Right hairstyle 選擇合適的髮型
The hairstyle you have can make you look thinner – or not – as well. If you know you’re going to be having pictures taken, try to avoid anything too sleek, like a ponytail pulled all the way back. Having tendrils of hair around your face creates a softness, taking away from any harsh angles that could make your head, neck, and shoulders look larger or wider than they are。
I really hope that my tips to look skinny in pictures have given you some great ideas. Bear in mind, you should love your body no matter what its shape or size. However, if you feel self conscious in front of the camera, there are some things you can do. Do you have any other tips on how to make yourself look stellar in a photo?、
