關於攝影的英文文章閱讀
攝影是人們記錄客觀世界的一種工具,自1837年作爲一門科學技術誕生以來,其在各個階段的發展進步與人文和科技的完美結合是分不開的,顯現出了日趨明顯的時代特徵,深刻地影響了人們的日常生活。下面是本站小編帶來的關於攝影的英文文章閱讀，歡迎閱讀!
攝影師顯微鏡下揭開霧霾真面目
It has been two years since China Daily last interviewed 31-year-old Zhang Chao. The Beijing-based micrograph enthusiast still wears the same hair style, even the same coat.
中國日報兩年之前曾經採訪過31歲的攝影師張超。如今，這個北京顯微攝影的狂熱愛好者依然留着同樣的髮型，甚至穿着同樣的衣服。
But one thing is very different: He's become a celebrity in cyberspace almost overnight, afterhis pictures, which depict what the rampant smog in Beijing looks like under his microscope,spread like a virus on China's major micro-blogging site Sina Weibo, since he posted them lastFriday. Now the media is hounding him for interviews.
但有一件事和以前有了很大的不同。自從他在3月25日把拍攝到的顯微鏡下的北京霧霾照片發到網上後，這些照片就在新浪微博上瘋傳。他也在一夜之間成爲了網絡名人。現在，許多媒體在追着他進行訪問。
"Why do I become famous when I took pictures of the smog?" he asks with a wry smile. "Ihave taken numerous pictures of beautiful nature whenever I have spare time, but there areno more than 10 interview requests for me every year before. Now, I have to answer dozensof phone calls from media every day.
“爲什麼我拍了霧霾照片就變得有名了?”他笑着問道。“之前我一有空閒時間就去拍攝美麗的自然風景，已經拍了許多張照片，但每年接到的採訪不足10次。現在，我每天都得回覆數十次媒體的電話。”
"But I only gained 2,000 more followers over the weekend. I guess the micro blog is not aspopular as before," he says, jokingly.
“不過整個週末，我的粉絲只增加了2000多人，看來微博不如之前流行了。”他開玩笑地說。
On Monday morning, a camera crew from a TV station based in southern Hunan province eventook a flight to Beijing just to record how Zhang takes pictures of the Beijing's most-talkedabout feature: the floating enemies in the air.
在4月1日，湖南省南部的一家電視臺甚至派了一位攝影師，專程飛到北京拍攝他如何對這些漂浮在空氣中的健康敵人，北京常被提及的特徵——霧霾進行拍照。
The process is not complicated: He puts microscope slides on his windowsill and collects thesamples covered by fallen dust after 10 hours.
整個過程並不複雜。他把顯微鏡載片放在他的窗臺上，收集10個小時後的落灰樣品。
Zhang's apartment is on the eighth floor, which he says is perfect for capturing the densestlevels of smog.
張超的房子在8層，他認爲在這個位置可以很好地收集到最嚴重的霧霾樣品。
As a Beijing native, Zhang explains his original purpose is to "deconstruct" Beijing's smog andunveil its shroud of mystery.
作爲一個北京人，張超說他的初衷是“解構”霧霾並揭開霧霾的神祕面紗。
"People have higher and higher standards for the environment," he says. "When I was a child,I was annoyed by the frequent sandstorms, so I feel Beijing's air seems much better now allin all because there are hardly any sandstorms in recent years. Now, we've noticed PM2.5, whichhas long been neglected."
張超說：“人們對環境標準的要求越來越高了。在我小的時候，最煩的是經常出現的沙塵暴。現在北京的空氣質量看起來好了很多，因爲沙塵暴在近幾年很少出現了。如今，我們又開始關注被長期忽略的PM2.5。”
Although he graduated as a science major from Beijing Normal University, Zhang says it isdifficult for him to give an exact definition of what smog is in Beijing. "It's too complicated,and its ingredients keep changing."
雖然張超畢業於北京師範大學科學類專業，但他也很難解釋清楚北京霧霾到底包含什麼成分。他說：“霧霾成分太複雜了，而且一直處於變化之中。”
Under his scope, which magnifies the sample 1,000 times, the smog is found to containminerals, fragments of animal fur and insects, seeds and burnt dust. But many are compounds,he says, which are more difficult to identify.
在他的顯微鏡下，霧霾顆粒樣本放大了1000倍，可以看到霧霾中包含了礦物質、動物皮毛和昆蟲的碎片、種子和燃燒後的粉塵等物質。但張超指出，還有很多是複合物，很難辨別是什麼物質。
"I wanted to know if there are many pollen grains in the early spring's smog, and my guessturns out to be right," Zhang says, noting there are on average 10 pollen grains found on eachslide.
張超說：“我想知道在早春的霧霾中是不是有花粉顆粒，我的猜測應驗了。平均每個載片上有10個花粉顆粒。”
"Though the number is low compared with other ingredients of smog, it may partially explainwhy smog makes us feel uncomfortable because many people are allergic to pollen."
“雖然與霧霾中的其他成分相比，花粉所佔比例較低，但這也部分地解釋了爲什麼霧霾讓我們感覺不舒服，因爲很多人對花粉過敏。”
Zhang realizes that he may have disappointed the public because he can't show the innerconstruction of PM2.5, today's most notorious element in smog. It is beyond the capacity ofhis microscope and camera to explore such tiny grains.
張超意識到他可能會讓公衆失望，因爲他沒能展示出PM2.5的內部結構。PM2.5纔是霧霾成分中最臭名昭著的。但由於PM2.5顆粒過小，他的顯微鏡和相機無法顯示和拍照。
Working as a freelancer and editor for an astronomy magazine affiliated with the NationalAstronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, his regular job is to stare atthe starry firmament and write popular-science articles. However, he is proud to have stirredequal interest by observing the micro world.
張超是自由職業者和《中國國家天文》雜誌編輯。這家雜誌由中國科學院國家天文臺主辦。他的日常工作就是盯着天空，然後寫一些科普文章。不過，他對微觀世界也有着同樣的興趣。
"You cannot imagine how splendid the micro world is until you fall in love picturing bugs in thegarden, different kinds of sand grains, or some tiny corners in our daily lives.
“你無法想象微觀世界是多麼精彩，除非你愛上拍攝花園裏的蟲子、不同類型的沙子和一些我們日常生活的角落。”
"My favorite is to shoot snowflakes. I would love to compile my snowflake pictures to publish abook. But you know how much warmer Beijing was in the past winter - I should have traveledto northeastern China to get more pictures."
“我最喜歡給雪花拍照。我希望將我拍攝的雪花照片出版一本書。但你也知道去年北京多麼暖和，我本應到中國的東北多拍一些照片。”
關於攝影的英文文章閱讀篇二出門度假別忘帶上攝影師哦
For summer vacation, the flight is booked, the hotel is reserved, the bags are packed, butwhat about the professional photographer to take snapshots and make you looksupernaturally gorgeous?
暑假的機票買好了，酒店訂好了，行李打包了，但你有沒有請一位專業攝影師爲你拍照，留下光彩照人的形象呢?
A growing number of hotels and resorts are offering sessions with photographers to chronicleguests' vacations. Travelers want to record memorable moments without ruining themstressing about focus and flash. They want more sophisticated shots to share on socialmedia. And vacationers realize that an iPhone may not catch that perfect surfing or skiingtriumph.
越來越多的酒店和度假勝地開始提供攝影師服務，爲遊客記錄假日影像。遊客們希望留下難忘的瞬間，同時又不用因爲擔心焦距和閃光燈而破壞心情。他們想要更專業的照片在社交媒體上分享。遊客們意識到，iPhone可能無法抓拍到衝浪或滑雪成功的完美瞬間。
In May, Jumby Bay, a Rosewood Resort in Antigua in the Caribbean began offering a 'TogetherPackage' for couples that includes a two-hour shoot with a professional photographer. Earlierthis year, the Sanderling Resort & Spa in Duck, N.C., launched an 'Everlasting Memories'package with a family photo shoot and a YouTube video of the session (a disc of images isguaranteed within a week).
今年5月，加勒比海安提瓜島(Antigua)上羅斯伍德集團(Rosewood)旗下的Jumby Bay度假村開始爲度假情侶提供“共度套餐”，包括一位專業攝影師提供的兩小時拍攝服務。今年年初，北卡羅來納州達克市(Duck)的Sanderling Resort & Spa水療度假村推出了“永恆回憶”服務，包括一張全家福和一部YouTube視頻(一週內可拿到影像光碟)。
The Four Seasons Resort Bora Bora is planning to unveil a 'Romance' room-service menu inAugust that will feature a couples' photo session. Walt Disney World in 2010 started selling a$350 one-hour 'Enhanced Portrait Session.' It includes retouching and flourishes such as black-and-white and sepia shots and a customized photo book (prints cost extra). A perk: Getting towander around the Epcot theme park before it opens to other guests.
波拉波拉島四季度假村(The Four Seasons Resort Bora Bora)計劃於今年8月推出“浪漫”客房服務菜單，包括爲情侶提供拍照服務。2010年，迪士尼樂園(Walt Disney World)開始推出一小時“高級肖像照”服務，價格爲350美元。該服務包括對照片進行潤飾和美化，例如黑白效果、懷舊效果和定製相簿(印刷需另交費)，還有額外優惠：可在Epcot主題公園向其他遊客開放前進入遊覽。
A host of independent freelance wedding and adventure photographers are also starting tooffer vacation travel shots, seeing them as a lucrative side business.
許多獨立的自由婚紗攝影師與冒險攝影師也開始提供假日旅遊攝影，他們將其視爲一項有利可圖的副業。
Jumby Bay said it came up with the 'Together Package' because its employees were getting somany requests from guests to take their pictures. The surge in multigenerational trips-oftenthe only time an extended family is in the same place and, hopefully, relatively relaxed-is alsoboosting the popularity of professional shoots.
Jumby Bay稱推出“共度套餐”是因爲許多客戶都向員工提出了拍照要求。舉家出遊的熱潮──這通常是一個大家庭聚在一起、相對放鬆的唯一時光──也讓專業攝影大受歡迎。
When family vacation photos were relegated to dusty albums and slide shows, getting qualitypictures perhaps wasn't that critical. That's not so when you're sharing your shots withhundreds-or thousands-of Facebook fans and Twitter followers.
當家庭度假照片被放進積滿灰塵的相冊和做成幻燈片時，對照片的質量要求或許不那麼高。而當你與成百上千──或者成千上萬──的Facebook好友和Twitter粉絲分享照片時，情況就不同了。
Then there is the perennial vacation photography problem: the missing family member. Shiraand Chuck Badger, 35-year-old chiropractors from Henderson, Nev., say they have few vacationpictures that show both of them. They try the extended-arm self-portrait trick but 'we alwaysend up with double chins in those photos,' says Mr. Badger. 'And we're both in good shape.'When the Badgers planned their wedding and honeymoon trip to the Four Seasons Bora Borathis week, they booked a photographer not only for their sunset ceremony, but also paid fora photographer and videographer (equipped with an underwater camera) to accompany themon a snorkeling trip to see manta rays.
此外還有一個長期困擾人們的關於拍假日照的問題：照相時總會少一個家庭成員。希拉・巴傑(ShiraBadger)和查克・巴傑(Chuck Badger)來自內華達州亨德森(Henderson)，兩人都是35歲，都是按摩師，他們說，他們幾乎沒有兩人同時出現的假日照。他們嘗試了伸出手臂自拍的方法，但查克說，“在這些照片中我們總是有雙下巴。而我們兩人其實體型都很好。”當巴傑夫婦籌劃本週去波拉波拉島四季度假村舉行婚禮並度蜜月時，他們預訂了一位攝影師，這位攝影師不僅負責拍攝他們的婚禮，還負責在他們浮潛看蝠口時跟隨拍攝照片和錄像(使用水下相機)。
Chad and Katya Bradford of Arlington, Va., booked Jumby Bay's Together Package for theirhoneymoon. The couple had photos taken of them on bicycles, lounging in a hammock and on adock at sunset. The couple appreciated 'having one less thing to worry about on our vacation,'says Mr. Bradford, a 32-year-old consultant for the federal government. (The price tag for theTogether Package starts at $10,500 for seven nights. It also includes meals, a couples'massage and other services.)
弗吉尼亞州阿靈頓(Arlington)的查德・布拉德福德(Chad Bradford)和卡佳・布拉德福德(KatyaBradford)爲他們的蜜月預訂了Jumby Bay的“共度套餐”。攝影師爲這對夫妻拍攝了他們騎自行車、躺在吊牀上和夕陽下在碼頭上的照片。這對夫妻很高興，32歲的美國聯邦政府顧問查德・布拉德福德說，“我們在假期中要擔心的事少了一件。”(“共度套餐”起價爲10,500美元，含七晚住宿。它還包括餐飲、爲夫妻提供的按摩和其他服務。)
Natalie Davis has been vacationing on the North Carolina coast since she was 8 years old andbought a vacation house there last year. 'We usually just ask anyone lying in the sun, 'Can youtake a picture of all four of us?' ' says Ms. Davis, who is from Vienna, Va. This week, she hiredhusband-and-wife team Mike and Allie Hawkins to shoot her, her husband and two sons on thebeach in Duck.
來自弗吉尼亞州維也納(Vienna)的納塔莉・戴維斯(Natalie Davis)從八歲起就到北卡羅來納州的海濱度假，去年她在那裏買了一棟度假別墅。戴維斯說，“我們經常問躺着曬陽光的人：‘你能給我們四個人拍張照嗎?’”本週，她僱了邁克・霍金斯(Mike Hawkins)和阿莉・霍金斯(Allie Hawkins)這對夫妻爲她、她丈夫和兩個兒子在達克的海灘上拍照。
Grant Myrdal, a photographer from Bend, Ore., offers shoots with skiers and snowboarderson the slopes of Mount Hood Meadows Ski Resort. 'When someone is going 40 miles an hourdown the hill, an iPhone doesn't do it,' says Mr. Myrdal, a former photographer for surfingmagazines. 'I'll snowboard alongside [clients] with my camera firing away and get a sequenceof shots of them doing big turns and the spray flying off of the powder,' he says.
來自俄勒岡州班德(Bend)的攝影師格蘭特・米達爾(Grant Myrdal)爲胡德山草地滑雪度假村(MountHood Meadows Ski Resort)雪坡上的滑雪者們照相。曾擔任滑雪雜誌攝影師的米達爾說，“當某人以40英里的時速從山上滑下時，iPhone可就不管用了。”他說，“我會跟着[客戶]一邊滑雪一邊不停拍照，拍下一系列他們做出大回轉，雪塵飛濺的照片。”
Prices for vacation photo sessions can range from about $100 an hour to much more. TheFour Seasons Resort Hualalai in Hawaii, for example, charges $800 for an hour. A half-dayshoot is $3,200.
假日攝影的價格從每小時100美元左右到很高的價格不等。例如，夏威夷的哈爾爾萊四季度假村(FourSeasons Resort Hualalai)收費每小時800美元，半日攝影爲3,200美元。
Abercrombie & Kent, the luxury-travel outfitter, occasionally has clients who hirephotographers for their entire vacations. 'They just want to enjoy the destination withoutanyone [in the family] being responsible and having to worry about missing a shot or amemorable experience,' says Rob Veden, manager of private travel at A&K. Mr. Vedensays many clients hire a photographer for hours or a day.
奢華旅遊服務公司Abercrombie & Kent偶爾會有客戶僱用攝影師爲他們提供全程假日攝影。A&K的私人旅遊經理羅布・韋登(Rob Veden)說，“他們只是想享受旅程，而不用[家裏]某人負責照相，擔心錯過某張照片或某個難忘瞬間。”韋登說，許多客戶都定購了數小時或一天的攝影師服務。
Most pros offer some retouching to digitally erase blemishes and wayward hairs and brighteneyes and teeth. Tara Leigh, a photographer in Nevis in the Caribbean, has had some moreinvolved requests. For a recent maternity shoot with a pregnant vacationer, the client said, 'Idon't want my thighs to be that big,' Ms. Leigh recalls. Ms. Leigh, who had worked as a fashionphotographer in Toronto, was used to digitally shrinking models. Afterward, the client wasthrilled. 'She said, 'I look like a supermodel pregnant lady,' ' Ms. Leigh says.
多數專業攝影師都會對照片進行某些潤飾，用電腦去除暗斑和支楞的頭髮，提亮眼睛和牙齒的顏色。加勒比海地區尼維斯(Nevis)的攝影師塔拉・利(Tara Leigh)的客戶則提出了一些更高難度的要求。利回憶說，最近在爲一位懷孕遊客拍攝照片時，這位客戶說，“我希望我的大腿看上去別那麼粗。”在多倫多當過時尚攝影師的利曾用數字技術爲模特瘦身。後來，這位客戶十分激動。利回憶說，“她說：‘我看上去就像一位懷孕的超模’。”
Some city photographers are starting to get requests. Anna Azarov, a part-timephotographer in New York, recently was hired to spend three hours with a vacationing couplefrom St. Petersburg, Russia. (She got the gig through the couple's travel agency.) Ms. Azarovshot them in Grand Central Terminal, Times Square, Bryant Park and 'we took a little cab ride sothey could get their photos taken inside a New York cab,' Ms. Azarov says. They also wantedshots of themselves in McDonald's and Starbucks.
有些城市攝影師的客戶也開始提出一些特殊要求。紐約的兼職攝影師安娜・阿扎爾諾夫(Anna Azarov)最近受僱爲一對從俄羅斯聖彼得堡來度假的夫婦提供三小時拍攝服務。(她通過爲這對夫婦安排行程的旅行社得到了這筆生意。)阿扎爾諾夫在紐約中央車站(Grand Central Terminal)、時代廣場(Times Square)和布萊恩公園(Bryant Park)爲他們拍照。阿扎爾諾夫說，“我們搭了一小段出租車，這樣他們就可以在紐約的出租車裏拍照了。”他們還希望在麥當勞(McDonald's)和星巴克(Starbucks)裏拍照。
Last August, Cathy Bork from Egg Harbor Township, N.J., visited Disney World for the 18thtime. Her family had not had a professional family portrait taken since their youngest child,Samantha, now 8, was born. They booked a one-hour photo shoot with Disney Fine ArtPhotography. They were photographed in the Morocco, Japan and France areas of Epcot beforeit opened for other guests. (Families can't book shots in the Magic Kingdom with its castle:That is reserved for 'Disney Fairytale Wedding' couples.)
去年8月，來自新澤西州蛋港鎮(Egg Harbor Township)的凱茜・博克(Cathy Bork)第18次遊覽迪士尼樂園。從她最小的孩子、今年八歲的薩曼莎(Samantha)出生後，他們家就沒有拍過專業的全家福。他們預訂了迪士尼藝術照(Disney Fine Art Photograph)的一小時拍照服務。他們在Epcot主題公園向其他遊客開放前，在摩洛哥區、日本區和法國區拍了照。(家庭不能預定在有城堡的“魔法王國”中拍照：那是專門留給預定“迪士尼童話婚禮”(Disney Fairytale Wedding)的夫婦的。)
'We wanted to get a family portrait and vacationing and Disney World is what we love to do,'says Ms. Bork. Enlarged photos from the shoot are now hanging in their home. Seven of thephotos were featured in the family's Christmas card last year.
博克說，“我們想要一張全家福，我們喜歡度假和迪士尼樂園。”放大後的照片現在就掛在他們家中。另有七張照片被印在了他們家去年的聖誕卡上。
關於攝影的英文文章閱讀篇三Photography and Art
The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photograph’s fidelity to appearances and dependence on a machine allowed it to be a fine art as distinct from merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century, the defence of photography was identical with the struggle to establish it as a fine art. Against the charge that photography was a soulless, mechanical copying of reality, photographers asserted that it was instead a privileged way of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and no less worthy an art than painting.
Ironically, now that photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or irrelevant to label it as such. Serious photographers variously claim to be finding, recording, impartially observing, witnessing events, exploring themselves—anything but making works of art. They are no longer willing to debate whether photography is or is not a fine art, except to proclaim that their own work is not involved with art. It shows the extent to which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism: the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aims of art.
Photographers’ disclaimers of any interest in making art tell us more about the harried status of the contemporary notion of art than about whether photography is or is not art. For example, those photographers who suppose that, by taking pictures, they are getting away from the pretensions of art as exemplified by painting remind us of those Abstract Expressionist painters who imagined they were getting away from the intellectual austerity of classical Modernist painting by concentrating on the physical act of painting. Much of photography’s prestige today derives from the convergence of its aims with those of recent art, particularly with the dismissal of abstract art implicit in the phenomenon of Pop painting during the 1960’s. Appreciating photographs is a relief to sensibilities tired of the mental exertions demanded by abstract art. Classical Modernist painting—that is, abstract art as developed in different ways by Picasso, Kandinsky, and Matisse—presupposes highly developed skills of looking and a familiarity with other paintings and the history of art. Photography, like Pop painting, reassures viewers that art is not hard; photography seems to be more about its subjects than about art.
Photography, however, has developed all the anxieties and self-consciousness of a classic Modernist art. Many professionals privately have begun to worry that the promotion of photography as an activity subversive of the traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the public will forget that photography is a distinctive and exalted activity—in short, an art.
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