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【新托福考試】改錯之代詞與介詞

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代詞
  
一、代詞的五種形式間的混用

【新托福考試】改錯之代詞與介詞

he him himself self
  
主格<->賓格<-反身代詞 名詞
  

  

  
所有格
  
his
  
(A)名詞前面應該使用所有格
  
make she debut 錯
  
make one’s debut
  
* 雙賓語結構例外 won him prizes 對
  
(B)反身代詞畫線--->改賓格
  
要使用的反身代詞必須與所在句子主語一致
  
he killed him. 他殺
  
he killed himself 自殺
  
(C)self ,是名詞,“自我”,只用於哲學, 出現永遠錯
  
二、代詞的單複數 him,her--> them, 注意一下
  
三、代詞的性別
  
his/her himself/herself
  
四、代詞的人與物
  
Although he is employed in hte scientific field, the metric system
  
~~->it
  
is not used in the U.S.
  
五、關係代詞
  ┏ which 指代物
  ┃ that 指代人或物 注意:who與which混用
  ┗ who 指代人
  ┏ who 主
  ┃ whom 賓
  ┗ whose 所有格
  
whom image --->只考過一回
  
~~~~->whose
 
 *主要考who和whose的混用
 
who + noun. 錯 whose + V 錯
 
介詞
 
一、through/throughout
  
through: “穿過”、“通過”,強調動作
  
throughout: “貫穿”throughout his lifetime
  
“遍佈”throughout the world
  
二、between/among
  
between the stars/trees 兩兩之間
  
among the two realms 錯
  
三、in/inside /into
  
inside,in 靜態,強調狀態
  
into 動態,強調動作
  
air inside the house
  
the sky
  
in + 單數noun.(無冠詞),表示某一領域,某一方面,某一行業
  
in shape, in size

四、in/for/since
  
in + 1. 時刻點
  
2. 一段時間
  
for+ 1. prep. + 一段時間
  
2. conj. 並列連詞,不能位於句首
  
句子,for 句子
  
since+1. prep., “自從”+時刻點,完成時
  
2. conj., “因爲”Since +句子,句子
  
3. adv., a. 與過去時共用 = ago
  
years since ...
  
b. 與完成時連用,表示過去某個時間某個事件到現在
  
Tom was elected president last term, but he since has devoted little of his spare time to his reponsibility.
  
五、of 遺漏
  
多餘
  
六、by
  
1. be done by 只要不是固定詞組,就改by
  
2. by doing 只要不是固定詞組
  
3. 作品by 作者
  
publication by Franklin
  
七、固定搭配
  
together with = with
  
adv + prep = prep