10件誕生於監獄的瘋狂臨時武器(下)

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5.長矛

Long spears were one of the earliest weapons used by humans and it's also a popular choice in prison – if the inmates can hide them. The spears are several feet long and the handles are made of rolled up newspaper or magazines, and it is held together with strips of clothing. This makes the spear both light weight and sturdy.

長矛是人類最早使用的武器之一，也是監獄一個受歡迎的選擇——如果囚犯可以藏住它。長矛有幾英尺長，手柄由捲起的報紙或雜誌製成，並用布條系在一起。這樣的矛又輕又堅固。

As for the tip of the spear, it is a sharp piece of steel cut out of the bunk. Getting this piece of steel, which can also be used as a shiv, is a fairly time consuming process. If the prisoner is lucky and has a binder clip, they break the clip in half and this gives them a sharp edge. Then they just keep running the edge over the same track of steel bed posts. After a while, they eventually cut through the steel. If they don't have a binder clip, then they can use dental floss and toothpaste to increase the friction. Of course, this takes a lot more time. But, if you're doing life in prison, free time isn't exactly something you're lacking.

矛尖是從床上切下的鋒利鋼片。這樣的鋼也可以用來制shiv刀，切下它是一個相當耗時的過程。如果囚犯夠幸運，有一個長尾夾，就能把夾子掰成兩半，這樣就有了鋒利的刃。然後他們只需要一直用這個刃刻鋼床柱的同一個地方，一段時間後最終能切穿鋼鐵。如果沒有長尾夾，也可以用牙線和牙膏來增加摩擦。這樣當然耗時更久。但是在監獄生活，最不缺的就是空閒。

The spear has ultimately proved itself to be useful in at least one prison murder. For a few weeks in in 1985, several inmates at San Quentin counted how many steps it could take for a correctional officer to walk through the door and down the hallway. By counting the steps, they were able to figure out where the correctional officer was without even seeing him. Then, on June 8th, 1985, Sgt. Howell Burchfield was walking down the hallway, and the prisoners counted his steps. As soon as he got near, they stabbed him through the heart with the spear.

至少在一次監獄謀殺中，矛最終派上了用場。1985年的幾個星期，聖昆丁州立監獄的幾名囚犯記下了獄警從門前和走廊走過需要的步數，通過數步數，不用看就能知道獄警在哪。然後，1985年6月8日，豪厄爾·伯奇菲爾德經過時，囚犯們數著他的步數，他一靠近，就用矛刺傷了他。

Three men were convicted of the murder; Andre Johnson for the stabbing, Lawrence Woodard for ordering the murder, and Jarvis Jay Masters for making the weapon. Johnson and Woodard were given life in prison while Masters was sentenced to death.

三名男子被判謀殺罪，安德烈·約翰遜因為行動，勞倫斯·伍德德因為組織，賈維斯·傑斯·馬斯特則是因為製作武器。約翰遜和伍德德被判終生監禁，而馬斯特被判處死刑。

Gun

4.拉鍊槍

Prison-made guns, known as zip guns, are one of the most dangerous weapons behind bars. In fact, they are so dangerous that the Correctional Services of Canada has a chapter about them in their manuals for new hires. Zip guns are popular in prison because they are easy to hide, small, and they are deadly.

監獄製造的槍，即拉鍊槍，是鐵窗後面最危險的武器之一。事實上，它危險得讓加拿大懲教局在入職手冊中專門有一章講它。拉鍊槍在監獄中很受歡迎，因為好藏，小而致命。

When prisoners aren't using the gun, they keep it disassembled and when it's taken apart, the pieces look pretty innocuous. This makes it easy to hide the pieces around the cell in plain sight. Then, within minutes, the gun can be assembled.

囚犯不用時就把槍拆開，零件看起來完全無害，隨便放在牢房也不會暴露。而幾分鐘之內，槍就能被重新組裝完畢。

As for their size, sometimes they are just the size of a pen. This makes the gun easy to move around and hide, even when it is assembled. Finally, they are popular because they are effective. For example, a zip gun that was found in a penitentiary in Canada that was hidden among leather hobby-craft tools could fire .22 caliber bullets. Another .22 caliber handgun was found in Folsom State Prison, made from a staple gun.

至於大小，有時它只有鋼筆那麼大，即使不拆也很容易攜帶和隱藏。它受歡迎還因為它很有效。比如在加拿大一座監獄發現了一把藏在皮革手工愛好者工具中的拉鍊槍，可以發射22口徑的子彈。在福爾瑟姆州監獄也發現過用22口徑手槍，由釘書機制成。

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3.水彈

Unless you're drowning, water doesn't seem to be that dangerous. However, materials that "don't seem to be that dangerous" are exactly what inmates make weapons out of.

只要不溺水，水似乎都沒什麼危險。然而，“似乎沒什麼危險”的材料正是犯人制作武器的原料。

What some inmates do is fill up plastic bags with water and this makes the bags really heavy. For example, one grocery bag can hold 10 to 20 liters of water, which is about 22 to 44 pounds. Just for some perspective, the heaviest regulation bowling ball is about 16 pounds. Then they drop them from high levels on to unsuspecting people below. If they were to drop a bag with 20 liters of water, which weighs as much as 2.75 bowling balls, from the fifth tier of the prison, it would hit someone at 77 miles per hour. This very thing actually happened to an inmate in October 2011. The man was hospitalized and he was lucky to be alive.

有囚犯把塑料袋裝滿水，讓它非常重。一隻購物袋裝10-20升水後，重約22-44磅。作為比較，最重的保齡球一般也只有16磅。然後犯人在高處讓水袋砸向樓下毫無防備的人。如果從監獄五層扔下裝有20升水、重達2.75個保齡球的袋子，它能以每小時77英里的速度擊中別人。這種事在2011年10月真的發生過。被攻擊的囚犯住了院，但幸運生還了。

Post Shotgun

2.床柱獵槍

This impressive feat of prison engineering was made by two inmates at a prison in Celle, Germany. The shotgun was made from iron bedposts and then the cocking handle is made using pieces of lead from curtain tape. Also, instead of gunpowder, they used match heads that were sparked by a broken light bulb and AA batteries.

這個令人印象深刻的監獄工程師偉業屬於德國策勒監獄的兩名囚犯。獵槍是由鐵床柱製成，機柄來自窗簾帶。此外，他們用火柴頭取代火藥，由破燈泡和AA電池點火。

Luckily for the prisoners, who clearly put a lot of time and effort in constructing it, this prison weapon was actually used. On May 21, 1984, two inmates used it to take a correction officer hostage. To show the power of the shotgun, they fired it at some bulletproof glass causing it to crack. The crack is on the bottom right hand corner of the picture. In the end, the shotgun worked and the two inmates escaped in a car. There was no information if they were ever apprehended again.

對花了大量的時間和精力製作的囚犯來說，幸運的是，這種監獄武器確實派上了用場。1984年5月21日，兩名囚犯用它挾持了一名獄警。為了證明獵槍的威力，他們向一些防彈玻璃射擊，玻璃裂了，就像圖片右下角那樣。最後，獵槍起了作用，兩名囚犯逃進汽車，從此杳無音信。

sbow

1.弩箭

Stony Mountain Institution is a medium security prison in Manitoba, Canada. In 1998, in the segregation area where inmates are held for being punished, correctional officers found this rather ingenious crossbow.

石山所是加拿大馬尼托巴一座中等安全監獄。1998年，在囚犯關禁閉的地方，獄警發現了這把相當巧妙的弩。

Altogether, this contraption used 10 different types of materials. This included 10 toothbrushes, parts of a cigarette lighter, aluminum cafeteria tongs, and a piece of wire coat hanger. The arrows were made from tightly rolled paper, Q-tips, rolled up masking tape, aluminum foil used in cigarette packs, and pieces of wire. After the guards confiscated the crossbow, they tested it and found that it accurately shot up to 40 feet.

總之，這種設計使用了10種不同型別的材料，包括10把牙刷，打火機部件，自助餐鋁鉗和一件鋼絲衣架。箭頭由卷緊的紙、棉籤、捲起的遮光膠紙、香菸包裝中的鋁箔和線頭製成。警衛沒收弩後測試了一下，發現它能準確擊中40英尺外的目標。

The crossbow was so impressive that it was housed in a museum at one of Canada's maximum security prisons in Kingston, Ontario.

這把弩令人印象太深，甚至被收藏進了安大略省金斯敦安全監獄的博物館，這是加拿大最高安全級別的監獄之一。