雙語暢銷書《艾倫圖靈傳》第5章:解謎接力賽(22)
To do this, in the peacetime conditions of 1932, was itself an impressive feat.
It had been made possible by the French secret service who had obtained, through spying, a copy of the instructions for using the machine in September and October 1932.
法國情報部門在1932年9月或10月，通過間諜得到了一份謎機操作指南。They had passed it to the Poles. They had also passed it to the British.
他們把它發給了波蘭，同時也發給了英國。
The difference was that the Polish department employed three energetic mathematicians, who were able to use the papers to deduce the wirings.
波蘭僱用了三位高水平的數學家，他們根據這份情報推匯出了連線關係。Highly ingenious observations, good guessing, and the use of elementary group theory, produced the rotor wirings, and the structure of the reflector. The guessing, as it happened, was necessary to ascertain how the letters on the keyboard were connected to the enciphering mechanism. They might have been connected in some jumbled order to introduce another element of complexity into the machine. But they guessed and verified that the Engima design made no use of this potential freedom. The letters were joined to the rotor in alphabetical order. The result was that logically, if not physically, they had captured a copy of the machine, and could proceed to exploit that fact.
通過敏銳的觀察，合理的推導，以及基礎群論的運用，轉盤的連線關係和反饋器的結構都已經弄清楚了。現在需要猜測的是，鍵盤上的字母，是如何接入到加密機制中的。因為他們可以通過一個無序的連線方式，引入更多的複雜元素。但他們最終推測並證明，謎機並沒有利用這種潛在的自由度，它的鍵盤就是按照字母順序直接接入轉盤的。於是，他們已經從邏輯上覆制了一臺謎機，可以利用它來繼續探索。They were only able to make these observations, on account of the very particular way in which the machine was used.
根據謎機特定的使用方式，他們現在只能觀察到這些。And they were only able to progress towards a regular decipherment of Enigma material by exploiting that method of use.
下一步，就是通過實際的使用，來研究常規的解碼方法。
