一般過去時被動語態是什麼
一般過去時的被動語態的基本結構是:be動詞的過去式(was、were)+動詞的過去分詞+其他形式。其表示過去某一時間的被動動作或過去經常性、習慣性的被動動作。
1.肯定句
結構:主語+was/were+動詞過去分詞+其他
eg: A new shop was built last year.
去年新建了一家商店。
eg: Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
恐龍蛋是很久以前產的。
2.否定句
結構:主語+was/were+not+動詞過去分詞+其他
eg: The computers were not bought last week.
上週沒有買電腦。
3.一般疑問句
結構:Was/Were+主語+動詞過去分詞+其他?
eg: Were the computers bought last week?
上星期買的電腦嗎?
4.特殊疑問句
結構:特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+動詞過去分詞+其他?
eg: When were the computers bought?
電腦是什麼時候買的?
注:
(1)若句子中含有雙賓語,在改為被動語態時,遵循以下方法:
1.將間接賓語轉化為句子主語。
She gave the little girl some flowers.她給了那個小女孩一些花。
The little girl was given some flowers by her.
2.將直接賓語轉化為句子主語,此時間接賓語前通常加上介詞to或for(何時用to,何時用for,)。
例:They bought the children many good books.
他們給那些孩子買了許多好書。
→Many good books were bought for the children by them.
例:He lent me a pen.能借給我一支鋼筆。→A pen was lent tome by him.
(2)在不定式作賓語補足語的結構中,改為被動語態時,把主動語態中的賓語提到被動語態主語的位置,賓語補足語的位置不變。
例:He asked the boy to wash the car.他讓那個男孩洗車。
→The boy was asked to wash the car.
例:I saw a policeman enter the classroom.
我看見一名警察進了教室。
→A policeman was seen to enter the classroom.
(3)不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語,在變為被動語態時要加上to。
常接省略to的不定式作補足語的動詞有:
一感(feel)、二聽(listen to,hear)、三讓(let,make,have)、四看(watch,see,look at,notice),幫助(help)可帶可不帶。