託福閱讀解題技巧 推斷題解題方法介紹

對於託福閱讀的10大題型不知道大家掌握的如何?對於每一個備考託福閱讀的考生來說託福閱讀的10大題型及其解題技巧都是大家必須要掌握的，否則你就不太可能獲得太高的分數。今天這裏小編爲大家重點爲講一講託福閱讀推斷題的解題方法，希望對大家託福閱讀提分有幫助。

學生：老師，這道題講的內容，跟我上次看的電視節目好像呀，根據電視節目的內容，應該是選B!

爲師，一個白眼殺死你!

學生：既然B不對，那麼根據我的經驗，應該是選A!

爲師，磨刀霍霍向豬羊!

學生：那沒辦法了，那麼以前有老師說了“三短一長選最長，三長一短選最短，實在不會就選C”，我選C!妥妥的!

爲師，誰教你的這種方法，我要跟他打架!

學生：那既然如此，就選D吧。

爲師，已經被氣暈……

以上的情境，每天都要上映無數次，也是太多同學在解託福閱讀題目時的心路歷程，尤其是遇到把很多同學折磨到生無可戀的一種題型：推斷題

推斷題，顧名思義，就是要做一定的推理，於是，同學們沸騰了，推理啊!誰不會啊!毛利小五郎上身!神探夏洛克附體!我就是柯南!五花八門，無奇不有，無孔不入，似乎每個選項都很有道理!於是，陷入死循環，等到再遇到這樣的題型，只能憑感覺，看到哪個選項順眼，就選擇哪個選項。然後，你就錯了。

那麼，今天我們從一個最簡單的角度來攻破推斷題，即反向推理。

反向推理，指當事物A和事物B特徵相反，現在已知事物A特徵，問B特徵時，那麼B等於A的反向特徵。而其中，最爲明顯的在於時間前後的推理。我們先看一道非常簡單的真題。

【Paragraph 1】The story of the westward movement of population in the United States is, in the main, the story of the expansion of American agriculture—of the development of new areas for the raising of livestock and the cultivation of wheat, corn, tobacco, and cotton. After 1815 improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers to escape a self-sufficient way of life and enter a national market economy. During periods when commodity prices were high, the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly. "Old America seemed to be breaking up and moving westward," observed an English visitor in 1817,during the first great wave of migration. Emigration to the West reached a peak in the 1830's. Whereas in 1810 only a seventh of the American people lived west of the Appalachian Mountains, by 1840 more than a third lived there.

1.What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about western farmers prior to 1815?

A.They had limited their crop production to wheat, corn, tobacco, and cotton.

B. They were able to sell their produce at high prices.

C. They had not been successful in raising cattle.

D. They did not operate in a national market economy.

本題中有非常明顯的信息可以幫助我們定位，即年份數字“1815”，定位到原文After 1815 improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers to escape a self-sufficient way of life and enter a national market economy. 在1815年之後，改進的交通方式使得越來越多的西部弄明逃開了自給自足的生活方式，進入了國家市場經濟。這是講在1815年之後的事情，而題幹中問的是“prior to 1815”，即在1815年之前，那麼根據反向推理原理，直接對1815年之後的事情取反，即“在1815年之前，交通方式還未改進，人們是自給自足的生活方式，還未進入國家市場經濟”，直接對應D選項。所以本題選擇D選項。

在託福閱讀考試當中，時間上的反向推理題還有很多很多，難度也可能會更高，比如，我們再來一道題。

【Paragraph 1】It was not until the Cambrian period, beginning about 600 million years ago, that a great proliferation of macroscopic species occurred on Earth and produced a fossil record that allows us to track the rise and fall of biodiversity. Since the Cambrian period, biodiversity has generally risen, but there have been some notable exceptions. Biodiversity collapsed dramatically during at least five periods because of mass extinctions around the globe. The five major mass extinctions receive most of the attention, but they are only one end of a spectrum of extinction events. Collectively, more species went extinct during smaller events that were less dramatic but more frequent. The best known of the five major extinction events, the one that saw the demise of the dinosaurs, is the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction.

2. Paragraph 1 supports which of the following statements about life on Earth before the Cambrian period?

A. Biodiversity levels were steady, as indicated by the fossil record.

B. Levels of biodiversity could not be tracked.

C. The most dramatic extinction episode occurred.

D. Few microscopic species existed.

本題中我們可以根據專業詞彙“Cambrian period”定位到It was not until the Cambrian period, beginning about 600 million years ago, that a great proliferation of macroscopic species occurred on Earth and produced a fossil record that allows us to track the rise and fall of biodiversity. 直到六億年前的寒武紀時期，肉眼可見的生物纔在地球上大量出現併產生可以讓我們瞭解物種多樣性興衰的化石。可是題幹中用的是“before the Cambrian period”，即寒武紀之前，那麼只要將原文中寒武紀之後的內容取反，即“在寒武紀之前，肉眼可見的生物還沒有大量出現，我們還不能瞭解物種的多樣性”，對應B選項。

所以，當問題或原句信息中出現了明確的在某種時間前後發生的事件時，大家要注意作者已經在給出一定的提示了，我們可以通過前後的信息進行推斷。

從這個角度看來，其實，閱讀的推斷題，很可愛對嗎?只要我們瞭解它的出題原理和作者的出題意圖，明確原文中句子間的邏輯關係，其實推斷題並不是爲難廣大考生的絆腳石，而是幫助我們取得閱讀高分、提升閱讀理解能力的好工具!

以上就是小編爲大家整理的託福閱讀推斷題的解題方法，大家學會了嗎?希望這裏的解題技巧可以幫助大家解決託福閱讀推斷題。最後，小編預祝大家托福考試取得理想的成績。