2023年6月英語四級翻譯必考詞+經典模板句子
在四級所有題型中，最需要日常積累的恐怕就是寫作和翻譯了。@本站英語四六級微信公衆號在衝刺階段給大家彙總了四級翻譯必考詞，供大家在路上/吃飯自習時隨時翻看。多看一點，多提一分！
一.中國文化類
四大發明：the four great inventions
印刷術/*活字印刷術：printing/movable-type printing
造紙術：paper-making
指南針：compass
火藥：gunpowder
絲綢之路：the Silk Road
瓷器/*陶器：china/pottery
硬幣/紙幣：coins/paper bills
對外貿易/海外貿易/*海上貿易：foreign trade/overseas trade/maritime commerce
古代文明：ancient civilization
文化交流：cultural exchange
文化衝突：cultural shock/cultural conflict
文化產業：cultural industry
文化遺產：cultural heritage
鄉村文化：rural culture
民族文化：national culture
民間藝術：folk art
表演藝術：performing art
特徵：feature/characteristic
祖先：ancestor
哲學家：philosopher
中國文學：Chinese literature
中外學者：Chinese and overseas scholars
鉅著：great works
顯著成就：remarkable achievements
神話/傳說：myth/legend
陽曆/陰曆：solar calendar/lunar calendar
金/木/水/火/土：metal/wood/water/fire/earth
工藝/手工藝品：craft/ handicraft
唐朝：Tang Dynasty
始於...年/持續...時間/滅亡：begin in/last for/collapse
統治/統治者：govern (v.) rule (v)/ruler (n.)
在...統治下：during the reign of ...
權力/權威：power/authority
戲劇/京劇/劇院：drama/Peking Opera/theater
詩人/政客：poet/politician
少數民族：ethnic minority
社會地位：social status
起源於：originate in/from …
（在一個地方起源用in，從一個地方起源用from）
追溯到: be traced back to …/trace … back to…
發源地：birthplace
古代：ancient times
現代：modern times
獨特元素：a unique element
組成（選一背誦即可）：
A constitute B/A comprise B/A make up B （A組成B）
B consist of A/B is composed of A （B由A組成）
【常見錯誤：切忌不要用comprise of】
工業革命：industrial revolution
代表：represent/stand for
象徵：symbolize (v.) /symbolic (adj.) /symbol (n.)
繁榮：prosperous (adj.) / prosperity (n.) /flourish (v.)
國寶：national treasure
經典模板句練習：
1. 中國武術（martial art）的起源可以追溯到自衛的需要、狩獵活動以及古代中國的軍事訓練 。
The origin of Chinese martial art can be traced back to the needs of self-defense, hunting and ancient Chinese military training.
2. 構成現在世界基礎的許多元素都起源於中國。
Many elements which constitute/comprise the foundation of the modern world originated in China.
3. 最出名的就是門神和三大神——福神、薪神和壽神（Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity），寓意着莊稼豐收，家畜興旺和慶祝春節 。
The most famous ones are Door Gods and Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity, symbolizing/which symbolize the good/abundant harvest of crops, the prosperity of domestic/home animals and the celebration of the Spring Festival.
4. 那時，黃色是專爲皇帝使用的顏色，皇家宮殿全都漆成黃色，皇袍總是黃色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黃色衣服的 。
At that time, yellow was only/exclusively used for the emperor. The royal palace was painted yellow and the imperial robe was always yellow. However, ordinary people were forbidden to wear clothes of the color.
5. 反應在藝術和文學中的鄉村生活理想是中國文明的重要特徵。這在很大程度上歸功於道家（Taoist）對自然的感情。
The rural life ideal reflected in the arts and literature is an important feature of Chinese civilization. This, to a large extent, can be attributed to the Taoist affection towards nature.
6. 漢朝統治期間有很多顯著的成就，它最先向其他文化敞開了大門，對外貿易興旺。漢朝開拓的絲綢之路通向中西亞乃至羅馬，各類藝術流派繁榮，涌現了很多文學，歷史，哲學鉅著。
There are a number of remarkable achievements during the reign of the Han dynasty, which first unlocked the door to other cultures and made foreign trade prosperous. The Silk Road which the Han dynasty has explored led to Central and Western Asia, and even to Rome, with all varieties of art schools flourishing and many works in literature, history and philosophy.
7. 大媽是對中年婦女的稱呼，但是現在特指不久前金價大跌時大量購買黃金的中國婦女。
The word “dama” is used to describe middle-aged women. However, it particularly refers to those Chinese women who rushed to purchase a large amount of gold when the gold price decreased sharply not long ago.
8. 宋朝還最早使用火藥併發明瞭活字（movable-type）印刷。人口增長迅速，越來越多的人住進城市，那裏有熱鬧的娛樂場所。社會生活多種多樣。人們聚集在一起觀看和交易珍貴藝術品。宋朝的政府體質在當時也是先進的。政府官員均通過競爭性考試選拔任用。
The Song Dynasty was the first to use gunpowder and to invent movable-type printing. With rapidly increasing population, more and more people moved into cities, in which entertainment venues were very busy. There are many forms of social life. The Song dynasty also had an advanced government system in the world. All of the government officials were selected and appointed through the competitive examination.
二.旅遊城市類
風景/風光：scenery/landscape
目的地：destination
景點：tourist attraction/scenic spot
遊覽：sightseeing (n.)/see the sight
歷史古蹟：historic site
文物：cultural relic
位於：be located in
以…而聞名/作爲…而聞名：be famous for …/be famous as
享譽盛名：earn a great reputation
有…年曆史：has a history of … years
面積/人口：area/population
平方公里：square kilometers
規模：scale
漁村/水鄉：fishing village/water town
偏遠地區：remote areas
日出/日落：sunrise/sunset
溼潤的/乾燥的：wet(humid)/dry
宏偉壯麗：magnificent
治療疾病：treat diseases
溫泉/瀑布：hot spring/waterfall
園林建築：garden architecture
寺廟/殿堂：temple/hall
塔：pagoda/tower
樓：mansion
亭：pavilion
溪/河/海：stream/river/sea
林/田/*牧：forest/field/pasture
東南角/東南部：southeastern corner/southeastern part
華北：North China/northern China/northern regions of China
陝南：southern Shaanxi
江南：Yangtze River Delta
山東省中部：in the center of Shandong Province
山水畫：landscape painting
攝影：photography
獲得靈感：obtain inspiration
纜車：cable cars
新趨勢：new trend/tendency
揹包旅行/揹包客：backpacking/backpacker
體驗文化：experience cultures
豐富知識：enlarge knowledge
拓展視野：broaden horizon
生活節奏：life tempo/pace
餐館/旅館：restaurant/hotel
住宅/集市/庭院：dwelling/market/courtyard
洪水/乾旱：flood/drought
衣食住行：clothing, meals, accommodation, transportation
月餅：moon cake
海鮮：seafood
年糕：rice cake
餃子：dumplings
麪條：noodle
麪粉：flour
粥：porridge
米飯（水稻）：rice
穀物（糧食）：grain
小麥：wheat
三明治：sandwich
漢堡：hamburger
湯：soup
菜：dish/cuisine（dish是一道菜，cuisine是菜餚、烹飪）
糖/鹽/醋/酒/油：sugar/salt/vinegar/wine/oil
色/香/味/行：color/aroma/taste/appearance
酸/甜/苦/辣/鹹/淡：sour/sweet/bitter/spicy/salty/light
煮/炸/薰/烤：boil/fry/smoke/bake(roast, grill)
西瓜/葡萄：watermelon/grape
經典模板句練習：
1. 黃山位於安徽省南部。它風景獨特，尤以其日出和雲海著稱。
Mount Huang is located in the south of Anhui province. With unique sceneries, it is particularly famous for the sunrise and the sea of clouds.
2. 年輕遊客數量的不斷增加，可以歸因於他們迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。
The number of young tourists/travelers/visitors is increasing, which can be attributed to the rapid growth of their income and the curiosity to explore the outside world.
3. 傳說中國古代哲學家墨子用了三年時間在濰坊製作了世界上首個風箏，但放飛的第一天風箏就墜落並摔壞了。
It is said that Motse, one of the philosophers in ancient China, spent three years in Weifang in making the first kite in the world, and that the kite fell and crashed on the first day when it flew in the sky.
4. 中國南方大多種植水稻，人們通常以大米爲主食；而華北大部分地區因爲過於寒冷或過於乾燥，無法種植水稻，那裏的主要作物是小麥。
Rice is mainly grown in southern China where people usually take rice as the staple food. However, because it is either too cold or too dry, it is impossible to grow rice in most of the northern regions of China, so the main crop there is wheat.
5. 麗江到處都是美麗的自然風光，衆多的少數民族同胞提供了各式各樣、豐富多彩的文化讓遊客體驗。
There is beautiful natural scenery everywhere in Lijiang, and many ethnical minorities provide tourists with a great variety of cultural experiences.
6. 珠江是華南一大河系，流經廣州市，是中國第三長的河流，僅次於長江和黃河。
The Pearl River, an extensive river system in southern China, flows through Guangzhou City. It is the China’s third longest river which is only after the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.
7. 長江流經多種不同的生態系統，是諸多瀕危物種的棲息地，灌溉了中國五分之一的土地。
Flowing through many different ecosystems, the Yangtze River is the habitat to a whole host of endangered species and irrigates one fifth of the land in China.
8. 中國園林是經過三千多年演變而成的獨具一格的園林景觀。它既包括爲皇室成員享樂而建造的大型花園，也包括學者、商人和卸任的政府官員爲擺脫嘈雜的外部世界而建造的私家花園。這些花園構成了一種意在表達人與自然之間應有的和諧關係的微縮景觀。典型的中國園林四周有圍牆，園內有池塘、假山（rockworks）、樹木、花草以及各種各樣由蜿蜒的小路和走廊連接的建築。漫步在花園中，人們可以看到一系列精心設計的景觀猶如山水畫卷（scroll）一般展現在面前。
The Chinese garden has become a landscape of a unique style after an evolvement of more than 3000 years. It includes not only the large gardens built for royal members to enjoy themselves, but also the private gardens built for scholars, merchants and retired government workers to get rid of the noisy outside world. These gardens constitute a miniature designed to express the harmonious relationship between man and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls. In the garden, there are ponds, rockworks, trees, flowers and all kinds of buildings which are linked by winding trails and corridors. Wandering in the garden, people may feel that a series of well-designed scenery exhibit itself before us like a landscape scroll.
三.科學教育類
大一/大二/大三/大四：freshman/sophomore/junior/senior
學士/碩士/博士：bachelor/master/doctor
獲得學位：obtain/receive a degree
文憑/證書：diploma/certificate
學年：academic year
學期：term/semester
學習成績：academic record
學習表現：academic performance
學分：credit
畢業論文：thesis [本碩] dissertation [博士]
文科/理科：arts/science
本科生：undergraduate
大學畢業生：college/university graduates
研究生：postgraduate
博士生：Ph.D. candidate
幼兒園：kindergarten
小學：primary school/elementary school
中學：secondary school/high school
系/主修/輔修：department/major/minor
教學設施：teaching facility
食堂：dining hall/canteen
宿舍：dormitory
選修課：elective/optional course
學費：tuition fee
教授/副教授/講師：professor/associate professor/lecturer
全體老師：faculty
終身教育：lifelong education
理論知識：theoretical knowledge
實踐知識：practical knowledge
信息時代：information age
逃課：skip class
學習氛圍：learning atmosphere
激發興趣：stimulate one’s interest
開發潛力：tap one’s potential
學生減負：reduce study load
做兼職：work part-time
自我訓練：self-training
代溝：generation gap
學生會：students’ association
考研：take the Graduate School Admission Test
創業：start/build one’s own business
出國/出國留 ：go abroad/study abroad
就業：get/find a job
重點大學：key university
招生：recruit (v.)/recruitment (n.)
錄取：enroll (v.)/ enrollment (n.)
申請入學：apply for admission to/into …
高考：College Entrance Examination/
僱主/僱員：employer/employee
職業培訓：job training
獎學金：scholarship
專門人才：professional personnel
創新：innovation
經典模板句練習：
1. 通過閱讀，人們能更好的學會感恩、有責任心和與人合作。
By/Through reading, people can better learn to be grateful, responsible and cooperative.
2. 美國網民更多的是受實際需要的驅使，用互聯網爲工具發電子郵件、買賣商品、做研究、規劃旅程或付款。
The American netizens are more likely to be driven by practical needs, using the Internet as a tool to send emails, buy and sell products, make researches, arrange trips or make payments.
3. 中國的創新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃發展。
China’s innovation is developing/flourishing at an unprecedented speed.
4. 中國父母往往過於關注孩子的學習。
Chinese parents usually pay too much attention to their children’ s study / the study of their children.
四.政治經濟類
一千：one thousand
一萬：ten thousand
百萬：one million
十億：one billion
收益/成本/利潤/花費：benefit/cost/profit/expense
優等品/劣質品：superior goods/inferior goods
風險/投資：risk/investment
商品：commodity
消費：consumption (n.)/consume (v.)
折扣：discount
發達的/發展中/欠發達：developed/developing/underdeveloped
經濟危機：economic crisis
*經濟衰退：economic recession
經濟蕭條：economic depression
經濟復甦：economic recovery
可持續發展：sustainable development
私營企業：private enterprise
購買力：purchasing power
預算：budget
經濟調節：economic regulation
出口/進口：export/import
生產力：productivity
零售/批發：retail/wholesale
需求/供給：demand/supply
滿足需求：meet the need
實施/推行：implement/carry out
強調：emphasize
提倡：advocate
號召：call on
共同努力：joint effort
改善/增強/提高/推動：improve/enhance/boost/promote
解決：tackle/deal with/solve/address
人力資源：human resources
就業機會：job opportunity
國家安全：national security
核能：nuclear energy
版權：copyright
盜版：piracy
基因芯片：genetic chip
改革開放：reform and opening-up
技術轉讓：technology transfer
航天技術：space technology
工程中心：engineering center
生物技術/生命科學：biotechnology/life science
納米技術：nano technology
網民：netizen
教育公平：education equality
教育器材：education equipment
沿海城市：coastal city
佔…比例：account for … percent
消除貧困：eliminate/reduce/get rid of poverty
環境保護：environmental protection
污染預防：pollution prevention
污染控制：pollution control
治理環境污染：curb environmental pollution
基本政策：basic policies
城市的/城市化：urban/urbanization
農村的：rural
瀕危野生動物：endangered wildlife
補充詞彙：
必修課：required course
春節：the Spring Festival
除夕：Lunar New Year’s Eve
中秋節：Mid-autumn Festival
清明節：Tomb-sweeping Festival
元宵節：Lantern Festival
端午節：Dragon Boat Festival
年夜飯：family reunion dinner
煙花/爆竹：fireworks/firecracker
賞燈：view the lanterns
豆類：bean
經典模板句練習：
1. 中國政府創建了深圳經濟特區，作爲實施社會主義市場經濟的試驗田。
The Chinese government established the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone as the experimental plot for implementation of socialist market economy.
2. 僅在11月11日，中國消費者就從國內最大的購物平臺購買了價值90億美元的商品。中國有不少這樣的特殊購物日。因此，快遞業（courier）在中國擴展就不足爲奇了。
Just on Nov. 11th, Chinese customers bought 9 billion dollars of goods from the biggest online shopping website. Since there are many such special shopping days in China, it is no wonder that courier services have expanded in China.
3. 爲了促進教育公平，中國已經投入360億元，用於改善農村地區教育設施和加強中西部地區農村義務教育。
In order to promote the equality in education, China has invested 36 billion yuan to improve the education facilities in rural areas and enhance the rural compulsory education in the central and western regions.
4. 2011年3月日本人核電站事故後，中國的核能開發停了下來。中止審批新的核電站，並開展全國性的核電安全檢查。
After the Japanese nuclear power plant/station accident in March, 2011, the development of the China’s nuclear power stopped. The approval of new nuclear power plants was suspended, and the nationwide nuclear energy safety inspection started.
5. 早在使用機械和化肥之前，勤勞和富有創造性的中國農民就已經採用各種各樣的方法來增加農作物產量。
Long before the use of machinery and fertilizers, industrious and creative farmers had already used different kinds of methods to increase crop yields.
6. 第二份報告公佈了一些應用科學研究的熱門領域，如3D打印和人造器官研究。
The second report announces some heated areas in applied science, for instance, 3D printing and the study of artificial organs.
7. 年均10%的GDP增長已使五億多人脫貧。聯合國的“千年（millennium）發展目標”在中國均已達到或即將達到。目前，中國的第十二個五年規劃強調發展服務業和解決環境及社會不平衡的問題。
An average annual GDP growth rate at 10% makes over 500 million people get rid of poverty. The Millennium Development Goals of the U.N. either have been achieved or will be achieved soon in China. Currently, the 12th Five-Year Plan of China emphasizes the development of service industry and the solutions to environment and the imbalance of society.
8. 這一新公佈的計劃旨在減少四種主要污染源，包括500萬輛機動車的尾氣（exhaust）排放、周邊地區燃煤、來自北方的沙塵暴和本地的建築灰塵。
This newly announced plan aims to reduce four major pollution sources, including exhaust emissions from over 5 million vehicles, the burning of coals in the surrounding areas, the sandstorms and dust storms from the north areas and the local construction dusts.
9. 教育部還決定改善欠發達地區學生的營養，並未外來務工人員的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等機會。
The Ministry of Education has also decided to improve the nutrition of students in underdeveloped areas and provide equal opportunity for the children of migrant workers to receive education in cities.
10. 中國政府一直提倡“以人爲本”的發展理念，強調人們以公交而不是私家車出行。它還號召建設“資源節約和環境友好型”社會。有了這個明確的目標，中國城市就可以更好地規劃其發展，並把大量投資轉向安全、清潔和經濟型交通系統的發展上。
The Chinese government invariably advocates the idea for development: “people are the most important element” and emphasizes that one should take public transportation rather than drive private cars. It also calls for the construction of a “resource-saving and environment-friendly” society.
11. 在未來幾年，中國將着力增加職業學院的招生人數：除了關注高等教育外，還將尋找新的突破以確保教育制度更加公平。
In the next few years, China will increase the number of people in vocational college. Except focusing on the higher education, the government will find a breakthrough point to ensure the justice of education.
12. 如果父母決定爲孩子報名參加一個課外班，以增加其被重點學校錄取的機會，他們會堅持自己的決定，即使孩子根本不感興趣。
Once the parents decide to sign up an afterschool class for their children in order to increase their chance of being admitted to a good school, they will stick to their decision, even though their children have no interest in it at all.
13. 中國的大學和研究所正在積極開展創新研究，這些研究覆蓋了從大數據到生物化學，從新能源到機器人等各類高科技領域。
Chinese universities and institutes are actively doing innovative researches, covering various fields of high technology, from big data to biochemistry, and from new energy to robots.
當然，想要更好通關，只記必考詞是不夠的，更重要的是摸透考點，深諳應試技巧。
