英語四級聽力四大題型介紹

距離英語四六級考試時間越來越近，大家在備考的過程中認爲聽力是最難的一項。在備考四級聽力之前，首先我們要了解考試的題型有哪些，下面是小編給大家整理的相關內容，大家可以作爲參考。

第一部分：小對話

做題方式：視聽反向原則、同義替換原則，第二句話易爲考點。

例題：

2009年12月四級考試第9題

A) She must have paid a lot for the gym. B) She is known to have a terrific figure.

C) Her gym exercise has yielded good results. D) Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy.

Woman: I’ve been working out the gym since January. I was a bit out of shape.

Man: You look terrific! It seems that your effort has paid off.

Question: What does the man imply about the woman?

解析：可以明顯看出，本題的答案爲C(她的健身房聯繫獲得了好的結果)。yielded good results和原文中的your effort has paid off產生了替換作用。其中，類似gym和terrific、efforts等這樣明顯的詞彙是特別需要慎選的，因爲這些詞彙都在原文中被明顯播讀過。另外本題目中還包括很多有用的說法：例如terrific figure (魔鬼身材)paid off(發生效果)，以及重複考過的out of shape (身材走樣) 等等。

例題：

請關注2009年6月幾道小對話題目的原文形式和設問方式：

W: There were more than a hundred people at Kate's birthday party. How come she's got so many friends?

M: It's really no surprise. You know she was popular even when she was a child.

Q: What does the man imply about Kate?

M: My washing machine is more than fifteen years old and it has worked just fine until last night。

W: You'll never be able to get parts for it, even from Japan. So it might be time to invest a more recent model。

Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?

W: I heard about your promotion, you must be thrilled。

M: Not really, the new office is huge, but the word load has doubled。

Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?

以上三道小對話，都把問題的設計方向安排在第二句的位置上。所以，考生在解題時需要將自己的聽力重點放在第二句上。

第二部分：長對話

做題方式：視聽基本一致原則，場景解題原則

視聽基本一致的含義是指，聽到的原文和看到的選項若基本一致，則選項容易爲正確選擇。這一點和短對話的原則恰恰相反，請考生一定注意。另外，考生還應注意長對話第一回合句，轉折關係以及語調變化等。

例題：

2009年12月四級考試第1篇長對話(部分節選)：

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

19. A) He prefers the smaller evening classes C) He has to work during the day.

B) He has signed up for a day course. D) He finds the evening course cheaper.

20. A) Learn a computer language. C) Buy some computer software.

B) Learn data processing. D) Buy a few coursebooks.

答案：C B

聽力原文(部分節選)：

Woman: Hello, Parkson College. May I help you?

Man: Yes. I’m looking for information on courses in computer programming. I would need it for the fourth semester.

W: Do you want a day or evening course?

M: Well, it would have to be an evening course since I work during the day(19題答案點在此處直接被讀出).

W: Aha. Have you taken any courses in data processing?

M: No.

W: Oh. Well, data processing is a course you have to take(20題答案點在此處被讀到) before you can take computer programming….

19. Why does the man choose to take an evening course?

20. What does the man have to do before taking the course of computer programming?

特別需要指出的是，本題發生的主題場景就在大學——Parkson College，學生向老師諮詢課程(courses)的內容。這時，做完題目的考生得問問自己：選修課必修課，大課小課，講座展示，學分學時這類詞彙和短語我們都會說麼?(具體內容請特別關注本期七大聽力高頻詞彙)

第三部分：短文聽力

短文聽力一般篇幅比較長，而且問題又出現在整個材料讀完之後，所以對很多考生來說，如果完全聽完材料，再聽問題最後選擇的話，就很容易忘記剛剛在材料中所聽到的內容，尤其是當考察一些細節題目的時侯。針對這一情況，我們提供如下四種方法，在聽材料的同時選出答案來。分別是：首尾法、視聽一致原則、替換法、短詞題解題法。

1、首尾法：根據統計，一篇聽力材料，比較容易出題的地方是這篇材料的前幾句和後幾句。而且分別針對的是這篇材料所對應題目的第一道和最後一道。因此，對於“慢熱型(聽過幾句話之後，才能集中起注意力來，但這時很可能第一道題目的正確答案已經被讀過)”的同學來說，從材料的第一句話就要開始注意聽了。一旦錯過了正確答案針對的那句話，就可能沒有機會選出正確選項了。下面舉一個典型的例子：

以2009年6月的四級考試第三篇短文聽力爲例，、

Q32: Why is life said to be difficult for Hollywood kids?

Q35: What will probably have negative effects on the lives of Hollywood kids?

32. A) The atmosphere they live in is rather unreal.

B) Their parents put too much pressure on them.

C) It’s hard for them to get along with other kids.

D) They have to live in the shadow of their parents.

35. A) The lifestyle depicted in Hollywood movies.

B) The worship of money, beauty and pleasure.

C) The attention the media focuses on them.

D) The pursuing of perfection in performance.

In Hollywood, everybody wants to be rich, famous and beautiful. Nobody wants to be old, unknown and poor. For Hollywood kids, life can be difficult, because they grow up in such an unreal atmosphere. Their parents are ambitious and the children are part of the parents’ ambitions. (首段)…Hollywood has always been the city of dreams. The kids there live unreal lives where money, beauty and pleasure are the only gods. Will children around the world soon start to think the same? Or do they already? (末段)

根據首段和末段的內容，我們很容易分析出，32題的答案是A，35題的答案是B。

2、同義替換法：如上題，在長對話和短文聽力這兩種題型中，約有30%的題目採用了替換法，採用同義的短語或單詞替換。我們依舊以歷年真題中的比較典型的一篇短文聽力爲例，這篇短文聽力共有相對應的四道題目，都可以用我們的替換法解答。

14. A) He didn’t like physics any more. B) His eyesight was too poor.

C) Physics was too hard for him. D) He had to work to support himself.(D)

15. A) He was not happy with the new director.

B) He was not qualified to be an engineer.

C) He wanted to travel.

D) He found his job boring.(A)

16. A) He wanted to work with his friend.

B) He enjoyed traveling around the world.

C) He wanted to go to Spain.

D) He was rejected by the engineering firm.(C)

17. A) He enjoyed teaching English.

B) He wanted to earn more to support his family.

C) The owner of the school promised him a good position.

D) He could earn more as a teacher than as a travel agent.(B)

聽力原文(部分)及問題如下

When I was at school, my ambition was to be a pilot in the Air Force. But my eyesight wasn't good enough. So I had to give up the idea. I went to university and studies physics. I wanted to stay on there and do research, but my father died at about that time. (14)So I thought I'd better get a job and earn my living. I started working in an engineering firm. I expected to stay in that job for a long time. But then, they appointed a new managing director.(15) I didn't get on with him, so I resigned and applied for a job with another engineering company. …He offered me a job in Spain.(16)And I've always liked Spain, so I took it. I worked in the travel agency for two years and then they wanted to send me to South America. But I had just got married. So I decided to stay here. (17)Then we had a baby and I wasn't earning enough to support the family. So I started giving English lessons at a school in the evening. …

Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.

14. Why did the man give up studying physics?

15. Why did the man resign from the engineering firm?

16. Why did the man take the job at the travel agency?

17. Why did the man start to teach English part time?

解析：

14和15是在同義短語結構上的替換。

第14題，正確答案是D，是把原文中的結構“earn my living”換成了選項中的“support himself”，其含義是“謀生”。(D)

第15題，正確答案是A，是把原文中的結構“not get on with somebody”換成了選項中的“not happy with somebody”，其含義是“與某人相處的不好”。

16和17題是在句義上的替換。

第16題，正確答案是C，是把原文中的結構“I've always liked Spain”換成了選項中的“He wanted to go to Spain”。

第17題，正確答案是B，是把原文中的結構“I wasn't earning enough to support the family.”換成了選項中的“He wanted to earn more to support his family”。

3、視聽一致原則：這個方法已經在之前的長對話中演示過了。

4、短詞題解題法：短詞題指的是選項只有極少量單詞構成，很多時候只有一個單詞。解答這種題目採用的方法是“重複法”，即，哪個選項中的單詞被讀到的次數最多就爲正確選項，例如，在某年考試中，有些題目被最多地讀到了5次。另外，短詞題的重複法不僅可以使用於短文聽力，而且可以使用爲長對話，例如：

2007年12月第24題

A)Translator. B)Travel agent. C)Language instructor. D)Environmental engineer.

其中，A選項中的translator被讀到了3次，可判斷爲正確選項。而其他單詞均未被讀到。

第四部分：複合式聽寫

複合式聽寫要求些八個單詞和三個句子。改革之後的四級考試，它是每年必考的題型，也是考生認爲最難的一種題型，但並非無法可解。

首先，針對於八個單詞的注意點如下：

第一、注意積累拼寫難度較高的詞彙

平時用慣了電腦的word糾錯功能，便對某些拼寫難度較高的詞彙完全漠視。例如assignment(作業)convenient(方便)government(政府)……其實，這些單詞不是整體非常難寫，而是在某些位置非常難寫。例如，convenient的ve是容易寫錯的，government的n是最容易丟掉的等等…平時注意訓練，上考場時就坦蕩多了;

第二、注意聽寫句子的一些技巧

句子共播放三遍，每一遍可以都有不同側重：

第一遍：先寫下句子的開頭，尤其是主語，並注意句子的大意;

第二遍：若感覺句子實在太難，可以放棄中間部分，努力寫下句子的結尾;

第三遍：努力地把句子中間的部分寫出一些。

只有寫出完整準確的句子纔可以獲得滿分，但是隻寫出句子的部分也是可以得到相應分數的，所以最忌諱全面放棄。

第三、可以適當改寫

2006年12月四級考試聽寫第一句標準答案爲：

What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite.

若可以聽懂大意，則可以寫成簡單的it’s interesting that more words are polite.

另外，聽寫完畢後的檢查也很重要，最重要的三個條目是：大小寫、時態和單複數。

以上就是英語四級聽力四大題型的詳細介紹，希望可以給大家在備考的時候帶來幫助。