2017考研英語完型填空模擬題及答案解析
考研完型填空屬於比較難的一個題目，因爲難於摸清規律，難於把握重點，難於歸納總結，同學們在考試中經常靠蒙，平時可以做一些模擬試卷，避免發生全靠蒙的情況發生。以下是本站小編推薦今年考研英語完型填空模擬題的知識，歡迎閱讀!
Smoking may be a pleasure for some people. 1 ,it is a serious source of 2 for their fellows. Now medical authorities express their 3 about the effect of smoking 4 the health not only of those who smoke but also those who do not . 5 ,nonsmokers who must 6 inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may 7 more than the smokers themselves.
As you are 8 informed, a considerable number of students have 9 in a effort to 10 the university to 11 smoking in the classroom. I believe they are 12 right in their aim. However, I would hope that it is 13 to achieve this by calling 14 the smokers to use good judgment and show concern for other 15 than by regulation.
Smoking is 16 by city bylaws in theatres and in halls used for showing films as well as in laboratories where there may be a fire hazard. 17 , it is up to you good 18 .
I am therefore asking you to 19 “No smoking” in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the nonsmoker’s health and well-being 20 ,which is very important to a large number of our students.
1. A. HenceB. HoweverC. Anyway D. Furthermore
2. A. joyB. discomfortC. convenienceD. relief
3. A. considerationB. attentionC. belief D. concern
4. A. againstB. forC. inD. on
5. A. In consequenceB. On the other handC. In factD. After all
6. A. instinctivelyB. instantlyC. spontaneouslyD. reluctantly
7. A. sufferB. subjectC. submitD. sustain
8. A. certainB. sureC. doubtlessD. right
9. A. enteredB. joinedC. attendedD. involved
10. A. reasonB. persuade C. argueD. suggest
11. A. stopB. objectC. banD. prevent
12. A. entirelyB. likelyC. generallyD. possibly
13. A. likelyB. probableC. properD. possible
14. A. outB. forC. onD. up
15. A. ratherB. betterC. moreD. other
16. A. prohibitedB. protectedC. reservedD. cleared
17. A. FurthermoreB. ConsequentlyC. NeverthelessD. Elsewhere
18. A. ideaB. dutyC. senseD. responsibility
19. A. persistB. maintainC. stickD. adhere
20. A. in mindB. in headC. in heartD. in memory
2017考研英語完型填空模擬題答案解析1. 【答案】B. However
【解析】本題測試邏輯搭配. however 然而，正合題意。hence 因此;anyway(=in any case, at any rate) 無論如何;furthermore 而且，此外。根據邏輯意思應選 B. However。
2. 【答案】B. discomfort
【解析】本題測試邏輯型詞義搭配. 從上文意思看，上句有pleasure 一詞，however 表示語氣轉折，可見後面應選 discomfort, 形成對照。
3. 【答案】D. concern
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配. express one’s concern about(or for, over)表達對….的關心，顧慮：1)He didn’t show much concern about (or for) it.
2) The Prime Minister expressed his concern over the strike that had lasted for two months or so.
consideration 考慮，思考：1) Your proposal is now under consideration. (你的建議正在考慮中。) 2) You should take these facts into consideration.
attention 注意：pay attention to, give attention to, devote attention to, draw attention to (吸引對…..的注意)，attract one’s attention(吸引某人的注意力)。
belief (in) 相信，信賴：I have great belief in his ability to succeed. 可見，consideration, attention 與 belief 均不切題。
4. 【答案】D. on
【解析】本題測試結構搭配. The effect of smoking on the health 吸菸對健康的影響。
5. 【答案】C. In fact
【解析】本題測試邏輯搭配 fact 事實上，實際上。從上下文的意思來看，正合題意。in consequence 因此，on the other hand 另一方面，after all 畢竟，均不符合題意。
6. 【答案】D. reluctantly
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配. reluctantly 勉強的;instinctively 本能的，天生的;spontaneously 自發地;instantly 立即。可見，reluctantly 正合題意。
7. 【答案】A. suffer
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配. suffer vt./vi. 遭受，受到;正合題意。subject…to 使……受到…..：He was subjected to severe criticism.
submit vt. 1) 提交：We have submitted your request to the committee. 2) (與to 連用) vt./vi. 服從，聽任：I refuse to submit (myself) to his control.
sustain vt. 1) 支撐: These two posts sustain the whole roof. 2) 經受，承受：She sustained a great loss in the death of her husband. 從上下文的邏輯意思和詞義搭配來看，suffer 是正確的選擇。
8. 【答案】C. doubtless
【解析】本題測試結構型詞義搭配. doubtless 是副詞，意爲“一定，肯定，無疑”，例如 ：1) It was doubtless his own fault. 2) John will doubtless come on time as he always dose.
certain, sure, right 均爲形容詞，從語法結構上就可以排除這些選項。
9. 【答案】B. joined
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配. join 參加(某個組織)：He joined the army last year.
join in 參加(某種活動)：1) The girl, Mary, joined in the conversation. 2) May I join in the game? enter 1)進入：He entered the sitting-room. 2) 參加，到…..裏面工作：I refused to enter the discussion. 可見本題用entered 不妥,因爲它是及物動詞。3) enter into 開始(談話，討論等) ：He entered into an explanation. 4)enter for 報名參加：I shall enter for the new competition. attend 在搭配關係與邏輯意思上均不符合本題題意。如用involve，則需用被動態, be involved in 參加。例如：Many workers were involved in the strikes in 1946.(許多工人蔘加了1946年的大罷工。) 2) He is involved in a lot of extra work.(他參加了許多額外的工作。) attend vt. 出席：He attended the meeting yesterday.
10. 【答案】B. persuade
【解析】本題測試結構型詞義搭配. persuade sb. to do sth. 說服某人做某事。
reason vt. 通過講道理是某人做某事，含有“說服”的意思，其搭配關係是：reason sb. into doing sth. 1) Let’s reason him into joining us. 2) I managed to reason him into complying with the traffic regulations. (我和他講道理讓他遵守交通規則。)
argue doing sth. 通過爭論讓某人做某事：They tried to argue him into joining them. suggest 後不能接sb. to do sth., 但可以接sb.’s doing sth., 例如：I suggested his staying instead of going there.
11. 【答案】C. ban
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配. 雖然，ban, stop, object to, prevent 後均可以接動名詞，但含義不同。ban 禁止：1) We will ban all smoking in our club. 2) Smoking is banned here in the train. stop 停止，阻止：The heavy rain has stopped them (or their) playing golf.
object to 反對：1) I strongly objected to being treated like a child.2) I object to your saying that. 3) She objected to us keeping animals.
prevent 防止，阻止：1) Of course, I can’t prevent your going. 2) A sever cold prevented him (from) attending the meeting. 3) We must preventing the rumor from spreading. 根據題意，只能選C. ban 才符合題意。
12. 【答案】A. entirely
【解析】本題測試結構型詞義搭配. entirely(= completely in degree)完全的：The goods were entirely unfit for sale. Entirely 常常修飾形容詞，強調程度上“完全地”。generally 一般來說，從上下文邏輯關係來看，用generally不妥，因爲說話者的態度是很明確，堅定的，故用entirely. likely 可能(發生)的;possibly 可能地，均不切題。
13. 【答案】D. possible
【解析】本題測試結構型詞義搭配 is likely to do sth., It is right to do sth. 和 It is probable to do sth.都是錯誤的，應該用下列句型：It is likely that …..和 It is probable that ….. 可見本題只能選possible.
14. 【答案】C. on
【解析】本題測試慣用搭配. call on sb. to do sth. 號召某人做某事：The president called on his people to make sacrifice for the good of their country. call for sth. 需要;call sb. up 給某人打電話。
15. 【答案】A. rather
【解析】本題測試邏輯搭配er than 是選擇連詞，意爲：而不是。
16. 【答案】A. prohibited
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配. prohibited sth. or sb. from doing sth.禁止或阻止某人做某事。prohibit 的其他搭配關係有：1) Many firms prohibit smoking in their shops. 2) Picking flowers in the park is prohibited. 3) His small size prohibited his becoming a policeman. 此句中的prohibit 意爲“阻止”。4) Passengers are prohibited from smoking in the waiting-room. (禁止旅客在候車室裏吸菸。)
17. 【答案】D. Elsewhere
【解析】本題測試邏輯搭配. elsewhere(=in, at, to some other place) 在別處，到別處。
18. 【答案】C. sense
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配e 意識，觀念;此句中意爲“修養”。
本句譯文：在其他地方，就要看你的修養了。
19. 【答案】B. maintain
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配. maintain 保持，主張;正合題意。persist in 堅持：Don’t persist in doing what you shouldn’t.
stick to 堅持，堅持幹，遵循：1) I stick to what I said yesterday. 2) He will stick to his task until it is finished. 3) Flying is simple if you stick to the rule.
adhere to 堅持，奉行：adhere to the reform and opening-up policy.
20. 【答案】A. in mind
【解析】本題測試詞義搭配. have sb./sth. in mind 心中想着某人或某事： I don’t know who he has in mind for the job. (我不知道他心中想把這項工作交給誰幹)
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爲什麼要考完型?如果只是考查詞彙的話，原來的詞彙題就不會去掉了。完型考的是全文之間的關係和對應。所以，做完型時首先應具備的思維是如何尋找到這個選項的對應——是全文的中心要求選這個選項?是段首的中心句要求選這個選項?還是這個句子的導向要求的?這是在15分鐘裏面一直要問自己的問題。接着我們要明白的是，完型的文章都是典型和穩定的總分結構，即全文總分以及每一段總分。那麼在做題的時候我們的選項就要同時符合全文和本段的要求。
這意味着全文的中心和每一段的中心更重要嗎?答案是否定的。因爲中心只在一句至多兩句裏面體現，句中可能還有空，而論述則是長篇幅的，要說什麼會慢慢展開，直到說透。所以，更重要的是，在弄清楚中心以後，甚至沒弄清楚中心以前，對文章的發展進行整體把握。也就是說，在決定某一空選什麼的時候，特別是段首空選什麼的時候，我們應該把後面看完——因爲前面是後面的總起，後面說的內容支撐了前面的論點。這也就是我們這拍你文章要介紹的一種完型答題技巧—後對應原則。
比如2002年完型第一段第一題：
Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened ______. As was discussed before, it was not until 19th century that the newspapers became …….
[A] between [B] before [C] since [D] later
這一題很多同學就無從下手。一上來就說過去我們經常比較20世紀的一個東西和15、16世紀的一個東西(名詞無所謂的)。注意，跟閱讀一樣，一上來說以前的東西一般都是老的、不對的，至少作者不贊同的觀點。想不到這點也沒關係，後面yet一轉，把前面的這種比較否定掉，說其實很多東西發生在某個時期，更值得我們去研究，問大傢什麼時期。既然這是總起，那麼後面一定就會馬上講到到底是什麼時期，往後一看，後面馬上說了一個19世紀的報紙就很重要。那麼19世紀是前面兩個時點的哪個位置就一目瞭然了，選[A]。當然，還有另一種解法，前面說了兩個時間點，如果選before, since, later的話，到底是以哪個時間爲標準?文中的其他地方也沒有說清楚，故排除這三項。
從上例可以看出，從後面尋找出答案的對應十分重要。於是，我們可以定義，後對應原則就是，在前面尋找不出對應的情況下，往空後面找的一種做完型的原則。因爲後面是對前面的發展和支撐。
有人想知道，應該找到多後面?把全文找完了才找出點東西豈不是太慢了?當然不會找那麼多。前面已經說到完型的每一段幾乎都自成總分結構，所以最多看完這一段就夠了。在最開始通讀全文的時候也建議關注首句，弄清每段的中心;找出邏輯詞，看中間有沒有發生轉折;重視段尾，看本段的結果。這樣就能抓住文章的脈絡了。
我們來看2004年第三段：
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (29) ____ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (30) ____ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (31) ____ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (32) ____ lead more youths into criminal behavior.
29. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] check [D] reflect
本段一上來就問社會結構的變化對犯罪率的影響。很容易排除[C]，因爲只有人才能檢查。是“影響”、“減少”還是“反映”?沒有支撐。這是本段的總起，那麼往後找支撐。在讀的時候不要過分關注每一個空，因爲先入爲主會造成偏見，這是做完形最重要的心態之一。其實我們也能發現，就算不讀空，也絲毫不影響文章的理解，比如：有些經濟的變化，它們怎麼了年輕人更少的工作和使得高收入工作變少和變難，結果怎麼了更多年輕人犯罪。後面對着中心說，所以是社會變化增加了犯罪率。所以不能選[B]，[A]“影響”就包括了增加，所以爲答案。如果是[D]“反映”，則關聯鬆散，這裏講的是直接對犯罪率有明顯的影響。從這個例子就可以看出句子段落的結構。
同學們的很多閱讀習慣都不甚正確，一句話不讀完，看到空就開始做，這是做完形最大的忌諱，比如1997年的完型真題：
The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive _______ avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens.
48. [A]but[B]while[C]and[D]whereas
這裏選關係，很明顯得判斷上下文的導向是順還是轉。空前說這個現象爲很多公司保持全球競爭力提供了一種方式，明顯是褒義的;空後面來了一個偏貶的詞：avoid。當然，後面的導向得看avoid了什麼東西。如果躲避了一個好的東西，就應該是貶義的;如果規避了壞的東西，整個就是褒義的了。這裏躲避的是市場週期，市場週期是好還是壞?很多同學沒有專業背景，覺得市場週期、市場規律是科學的東西，所以是好的，進而就認爲規避科學是壞事，在[A]和[D]裏面選了。這種主觀想出來的答案一般都是錯的，因爲完型考的是整體性，一定要尋找到支撐纔算做出答案。如果我們看完的話，就會發現“躲避”這個詞的後面不僅有“市場週期”，還有“日益增長的負擔”。市場週期我們判斷不出好壞，負擔這個東西對於公司肯定是不好的，這兩個東西之間由and連接，即並列關係，所以市場週期也是不好的。不要皺眉，因爲這不由你臆測，文章說什麼就是什麼。文章怎麼說?往後看。在這一題中，規避了不好的東西對於公司來說就變好的東西了，所以空前後都是褒義的，應該在while和and裏面選擇。空後的動詞是-ing形式，而前面是一個句子並且沒有分詞，所以不是並列，排除and選while。當然，這一題的難度還在於同學們考研閱讀做得太多了，一看到while就覺得是“然而”的意思，而忘記了while表“同時”的基本用法了。
看到這裏我相信大家對於往後看已經有了一定的理解，我們再用兩個的例子來強化一下：
2006年：
___5__ everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless. Estimates _____ anywhere from 600,000 to 3 millions.
5 [A] Generally[B] Almost[C] hardly[D] Not
這一題上來就問每個人是否同意美國無家可歸的人的數量。後面馬上說估計從60萬到300萬不等，顯然不是每個人都同意，選[D]。C幾乎每個人都不同意太過誇張也沒有根據。
Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that situation will improve only when there are ___17__ programs that address the many needs of the homeless. _____ Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, _____ it, “There has to be ____ of programs. What’s needed is a packaged deal.”
17. [A] complex [B]comprehensive [C] complementary [D] compensating
本題是2006年完型最後一段的後部分，說只有當有一個什麼樣的計劃時，無家可歸的人的情況才能得到改進。如果光憑這句話，很容易選成[D]“補償”，很多人想只有補償他們才能改進。可是要時刻記得後面是發展和支撐。後面很規律地給出了一位學者的話作爲支撐(閱讀裏面也經常這樣)：那個人說，我們需要的是一個一攬子的交易和計劃(最後一句話)。一攬子的計劃是什麼?說明不是單個計劃，而是一些計劃，所以應該選[B]“綜合的，廣泛的”。
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