年3月高口翻譯原文和參考答案

2011年3月高級口譯漢譯英

合營企業設董事會，其人數組成由合營各方協商，在合同、章程中確定，並由合營各方委派。董事會是合營企業的最高權力機構，決定合營企業的一切重大問題。董事長由合營各方協商確定或由董事會選舉產生。董事長是合營企業法定代表人。董事長不能履行職責時，應授權其他董事代表合營企業。

An equity joint venture shall have a board of directors; the number of the directors thereof from each party and the composition of the board shall be stipulated in the contract and articles of association after consultation among the parties to the venture; such directors shall be appointed by the relevant parties. The highest authority of the joint venture shall be its board of directors, which shall decide all major issues concerning the joint venture. The chairman shall be determined through consultation by the parties to the venture or elected by the board of directors. The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture. Should the chairman be unable to perform his duties, he shall authorize another director to represent the joint venture.

董事會會議由董事長負責召集並主持。董事會會議應當有2/3以上董事出席方能舉行。董事不能出席的，可以出具委託書委託他人代表其出席和表決。董事會會議應用中文和英文作詳細記錄，並在會議結束後14日內送交每位董事，由出席董事會會議的各位董事簽字確認。

The board meeting shall be called and presided over by the chairman of the board. A board meeting requires a quorum of over two-thirds of the directors. Should a director be unable to attend, he may make a proxy authorizing someone else to represent him and vote in his stead. Detailed minutes of the board meeting shall be prepared in Chinese and English and shall be delivered to each director within fourteen days of the conclusion of the meeting to be signed and confirmed by each of the directors who attended the board meeting.

【解析】

本文選自《中華人民共和國中外合資經營企業法實施條例》。從《條例》的第五章：董事會與經營管理機構中選取n個句子拼湊而成的文章。英文本源自中華人民共和國務院法制局編譯, 中國法制出版社出版的《中華人民共和國涉外法規彙編》(1991年7月版)。並聲明：當發生歧意時, 應以法律法規頒佈單位發佈的中文原文爲準。

本文屬於正式法律條文式翻譯，因此，在語言的選擇上，要注意文體性，不可過於口語化。從英譯文版本中可以看出，在表達“應當”“要”等詞的時候，多用shall一詞；在表達“如果”的意思時，用的不是“if”，而是“should”；又如thereof的使用，文體正式程度可見一斑。此其一。其二，考生要注意專有名詞的翻譯。諸如contract合同articles章程appoint委派Detailed minutes of the board meeting詳細記錄 perform one’s duty履行職責the legal representative法定代表人authorize授權等等。其三，個別句子的翻譯處理。如“董事會會議應當有2/3以上董事出席方能舉行。”譯文 A board meeting requires a quorum of over two-thirds of the directors. 其中quorum的用法極爲精闢，簡練，地道。這需要考生十年磨礪，凡能一招成名。

總之，法律條文等正式問題翻譯，對語言的得體性要求較高，語法要求相對鬆一些。考生只能平時多積累，多練習，注重專有名詞的歸納總結，才能從容面對此類考題。

2011年3月中級口譯英譯漢

When President Obama took the stage here Wednesday to address a community — and a nation — traumatized by Saturday’s shootings rampage in Tucson, Arizona, it invited comparisons to President George W. Bush’s speech to the nation after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, and the memorial service President Bill Clinton led after the bombing of a federal office building killed 168 people in Oklahoma City in 1995.

本週三，奧巴馬總統登臺演講，就上週六亞利桑那州圖森市所發生的槍擊慘案向飽受心靈創傷的公衆及全國發表演講，人們不禁聯想到，布什總統在2001年911襲擊之後的演講、以及1995年克林頓總統爲俄克拉荷馬州聯邦政府大樓爆炸中的168名遇害者舉行的追悼會。

But Osama’s appearance presented a deeper challenge, reflecting the tenor of his times. Unlike those tragedies---which, at least initially, united a mournful country and quieted partisan divisions---this one has, in the days since the killings, had the opposite effect, inflaming the divide.

然而，奧巴馬的公開露面展現了一個更大的挑戰，也映射出他所處時代的要旨。以往那些慘案使整個國家在哀悼中團結一致，黨派分歧也銷聲匿跡——至少慘案發生初期是這樣的。而本次的槍擊慘案卻恰恰相反，激化了黨派間的分歧。

It was a political reality Mr. Obama seemed to recognize the moment he took the stage. He directly confronted the political debate that erupted after the rampage, asking people of all beliefs not to use the tragedy to turn on one another. He called for an end to partisan recriminations, and for a unity that has seemed increasingly elusive as each day has brought more harsh condemnations from the left and the right. It was one of the most powerful addresses that Mr. Obama has delivered as president, harnessing the emotion generated by the shock and loss from Saturday’s shootings to urge Americans “to remind ourselves of all the ways that our hopes and dreams are bound together”.

奧巴馬登臺不久，便意識到了這一政治現實。他直接針對槍擊慘案發生後引發的政治辯論，呼籲所有持不同宗教信仰的人們不要藉機針鋒相對。他呼籲各黨派停止相互指責，同時呼籲各黨派團結起來。因各黨派之間的指責日益嚴厲且鋒芒畢露，團結已經漸行漸遠。本次演說是奧巴馬擔任總統以來發表的最具號召力的一次，他在演講中巧妙利用了美國人因槍殺事件而產生的震驚與悲痛，敦促美國人“時刻提醒自己，我們因希望和夢想而團結在一起”。

【解析】

本次筆譯題直接以西方報刊文章爲素材，考查長句難句翻譯，有一定的難度。美國民主黨女議員布里埃爾•吉福茲1月8日在亞利桑那州圖森市出席活動時遭遇槍手襲擊，本文圍繞此事，並結合美國政治做出評論。試題設置也比較老套，相信定期關注國際時事的同學，或者提前看過恆星雙語新聞的童鞋肯定已經在偷着樂了。

第一段“traumatized”引導的後置定語，較難處理，也是試題設置的採分點。
另外，第二段的“at least initially”這是英文特有的結構，也值得大家注意，備考時應特別準備。
第三段，call 所帶的兩個並列賓語，也是很難處理的結構。此外，翻harness這個詞時也需要倍加小心。