詞彙精選：abandon的用法和辨析
一、詳細釋義：
n.
放任；放縱 [U]
例句：
In his wildest abandon, he indulged himself in alcohol.
在他最狂野的放縱中，他無盡地暢飲。
例句：
She danced with abandon.
她無拘無束的跳着舞。
狂放 [U]
v.
離棄；遺棄；拋棄 [T]
例句：
A feeling of resentment urged him to abandon them.
一種怨恨的心情促使他離棄了她們。
例句：
She is determined to stave off the man who wanted to abandon her when she was in trouble.
她決心甩掉那個在她陷入困境時想拋棄她的那個人。
放棄，中止 [T]
例句：
The plaintiff may abandon or alter his request for litigation.
原告可以放棄或者變更訴訟請求。
例句：
The next-best solution is to abandon the project altogether.
僅次於最佳的解決方法是放棄全部計劃。
使放縱；使聽任 [T]
例句：
Only weak and cowardly natures abandon themselves to sorrow.
只有那些軟弱怯懦之人才沉溺於憂傷之中。
例句：
Shall I abandon myself to a dispirited despair?
我應該聽任自己懊喪絕望下去嗎？
二、詞義辨析：
abandon,desert,forsake,leave,give up
這些動詞或詞組均含“拋棄、放棄”之意abandon強調永遠或完全放棄或拋棄人或事物等，這可能是被迫的，也可能是自願的。desert着重指違背法律責任和義務，或自己的信仰與誓言的行爲，多含非難的意味。forsake側重斷絕感情上的依戀，自願拋棄所喜歡的人或物。也指拋棄信仰或改掉惡習。leave普通用詞，指捨棄某事或某一職業，或終止同一某人的關係，但不涉及動機與果。give up普通用語，側重指沒有希望或因外界壓力而放棄。
三、參考例句：
I was obliged to abandon that idea.
我不得不放棄那個想法。
To abandon oneself to wine and poetry.
寄情詩酒。
We had to abandon our abortive attempts.
我們的嘗試失敗了，不得不放棄。
Abandon hope all ye who enter here.
汝等進入此地，須棄絕希望。
The consensus was to abandon the project.
一致同意放棄該項計劃。
Perhaps we should also abandon our mining concession.
也許我們也應該放棄我們的採礦權。
Those who abandon themselves to despair cannot succeed.
那些自暴自棄的人無法成功。
Only weak and cowardly natures abandon themselves to sorrow.
只有那些軟弱怯懦之人才沉溺於憂傷之中。
A feeling of resentment urged him to abandon them.
一種怨恨的心情促使他離開了她們。
After the age of about thirty they abandon individual ambition.
他們一過三十就放棄了個人的雄心壯志。
