非謂語動詞作賓語的四種類型
以下是小編爲大家整理的非謂語動詞作賓語的用法歸納，希望能幫助大家更好掌握這類單詞，提高英語水平。
類型一：習慣上要接不定式作賓語的動詞
下列動詞習慣上可接不定式作賓語，但不能接動名詞作賓語：
afford 付得起 agree 同意 apply 申請 arrange 安排
ask 要求care 想要 choose 選擇 decide 決定
demand 要求desire 請求 determine 決心 expect 期待
help 幫助hope 希望 intend 打算 manage 設法
offer 主動提出 plan 計劃 prepare 準備pretend 假裝
promise 答應refuse 拒絕 want 想要 wish 希望
請看以下典型用例：
She walked up to the desk and asked to see the manager. 她走到辦公桌前要求見經理。
If you would care to leave your name， we’ll get in touch as soon as possible. 請留下您的名字，我們將盡快與您聯繫。
He applied to be transferred. 他申請調動工作。
There have been fewer problems for travelers who chose to fly. 對於選擇乘飛機旅遊的人來說問題更少。
After much discussion they decided to accept our offer. 經過反覆討論，他們決定接受我們開的價。
If I fail to appear by 7 o’clock， I will not be coming at all. 如果我七點鐘不到，我就不會來了。
I wanted to speak to the manager but I got his secretary instead. 我想找經理說話，可是接電話的是他的祕書。
類型二：習慣上要接動名詞作賓語的動詞
下列動詞習慣上可接動名詞作賓語，但不能接不定式作賓語：
admit 承認 advise 建議 allow 允許 appreciate 感激
avoid 避免 consider 考慮delay 推遲 deny 否認
discuss 討論dislike 不喜歡 enjoy 喜愛 escape 逃脫
excuse 原諒 fancy 設想 finish 完成 forbid 禁止
forgive 原諒give up 放棄imagine 想像keep 保持
mention 提及mind 介意 miss 沒趕上pardon 原諒
permit 允許 practise 練習prevent 阻止?搖prohibit 禁止
put off 推遲report 報告 risk 冒險stop 停止
suggest 建議understand 理解
請看以下典型用例：
I admit breaking the window. 我承認窗戶是我打破的。
We do not allow/permit smoking in the kitchen. 我們不允許在廚房裏吸菸。
I appreciate being given this opportunity. 非常感謝給了我這個機會。
I avoided mentioning the subject in case he should be offended. 我回避提及這個問題，以免觸犯他。
He suggested taking the children to the zoo. 他提議帶孩子們去動物園。
【說明】advise， allow， forbid， permit 這四個動詞之後，雖然不能直接跟不定式作賓語，但可接不定式作賓語補足語。如：
The doctor advised me to stay in for a few days. 醫生囑我在家休息幾天。
The nurse allowed him to remain there， though it was not permitted. 護士讓他留在那兒，而按規定那是不允許的。
My father forbade me to watch TV. 我父親不准我看電視。
Permit me to introduce myself. 請允許我介紹自己。
而有些動詞(如 consider， understand， discuss)則可接“疑問詞+不定式”作賓語。如：
Have you considered how to get there? 你是否考慮過如何到那兒去?
She doesn’t understand how to look after him. 她不知道應如何照顧他。
We discussed what to do and where we should go. 我們討論了該怎麼辦以及到哪裏去。
類型三：既可接不定式也可接動名詞作賓語的動詞
1. 有的動詞既可後接不定式作賓語，也可後接動名詞作賓語，兩者意思基本相同，有時甚至可以互換。這類動詞主要有：
like 喜歡love 喜歡 hate 憎恨prefer 寧可
bother 麻煩 intend 打算 attempt 試圖cease 停止
begin 開始 start 開始 continue 繼續
can’t bear 不能忍受
請看以下典型用例：
They continued to meet [meeting] daily. 他們繼續每天都見面。
I like keeping [to keep] everything tidy. 我喜歡將每件東西都保持整潔。
I hate (having) to tell you， but I’ve damaged your bicycle. 很抱歉地告訴你，我把你的自行車弄壞了。
She never ceased complaining [to complain] about prices. 她沒完沒了地抱怨物價。
【注意】當 like， love， hate， prefer 與 would， should 連用時，其後習慣上只能接不定式，不能接動名詞。
2. 有的動詞既可後接不定式作賓語，也可後接動名詞作賓語，兩者意思不同，使用時要注意區別(這類動詞往往是高考經常要考查的一類動詞)。這類動詞主要應注意以下幾類。
(1) remember(記得)，forget(忘記)，regret(後悔)後接不定式指該不定式所表示的動作還未發生，後接動名詞(有時可用完成式)，則指該動名詞所表示的動作已經發生。比較：
Remember to turn off the lights before you go to bed. 臨睡前別忘了關燈。
I remember reading about the earthquake in the papers. 我記得在報紙上看到過關於這次地震的消息。
Don’t forget to turn down the gas after an hour or so. 別忘了過一小時左右把煤氣關小點兒。
I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time. 我永不會忘記第一次看見長城的情景。
I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉，那個工作已經有人做了。
I regret saying what I said. I shouldn’t have said it. 我懊悔講了我講的話。我是不應當那樣講的。
(2) try 後接不定式表示設法做某事，接動名詞表示做某事試試(看有什麼效果)。如：
You shouldn’t try to leave the restaurant without paying. 你不應該試圖不付賬就離開飯店。
You really must try to overcome your shyness. 你確實需要努力克服你的靦腆。
(3) mean 後接不定式表示打算(想要)做某事，接動名詞表示意味着(要)做某事。如：
To mean to do something and to actually do something are two different things. 打算做一件事和實際上做一件事完全是兩回事。
If we mean to catch the early bus， that means getting up before five. 要想趕早班車，我們就得在5點鐘以前起牀。
(4) stop 後接動名詞表示停止做某事，接不定式表示停下正在做的事去做另一事(注意：後接不定式時，不定式不是賓語，而是目的狀語)。如：
He stopped speaking， and there was not a sound in the room. 他停止講話，房裏一點聲音也沒有了。
The bus stopped to take on more passengers. 公共汽車停下來讓乘客上車。
(5) can’t help後接動名詞表示禁不住去做某事，接不定式表示不能幫助做某事。如：
She’s a funny girl， but you can’t help liking her. 她是一個奇怪的姑娘，但你禁不住會喜歡她。
The medicine can’t help to get rid of your cold. 這藥不能幫你治好感冒。
(6) go on 後接不定式表示做完某事後接着做另一事，接動名詞表示繼續做正在做的事。如：
The minister went on talking for two hours. 部長一連談了兩個小時。
The minister went on to talk about foreign policy. 部長接着就談外交政策。
注：也有人認爲 go on doing sth 中的 doing 是現在分詞而不是動名詞。
類型四：非謂語動詞用作介詞的賓語
在通常情況下，動詞用作介詞的賓語時，要用動名詞形式，不能用不定式。如：
Besides doing the cooking I look after the garden. 除了做飯外，我還得管園子。
She was late because of missing the bus. 她遲到了，因爲沒有趕上公共汽車。
You should think twice about employing someone you’ve never met. 你要僱用素未謀面的人應三思而行。
但是，當非謂語動詞位於 but， except 後作賓語時，習慣上要用不定式，並且，當其前有動詞 do 時，則不定式不帶 to;若其前沒有動詞 do，則不定式通常帶 to。如：
We had no choice but to wait. 我們除了等待之外別無選擇。
He never did anything but watch TV. 除了看電視，他從不幹任何事。
It had no effect except to make him angry. 除惹他生氣外，沒產生任何效果。
I could do nothing except agree. 我除了同意，沒有別的辦法。
【專項訓練】
1. I mustn’t annoy my boss because I can’t afford _____ my job.
A. losingB. to lose C. to have lost D. having lost
2. We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7.30， but he failed _____ .
A. to turn upB. to turn down C. turning up D. turning down
3. I wouldn’t have offered _____ the plants if I’d known there were so many.
A. to water B. watering
C. watered D. to have watered
4. Imagine _____ the answer to such an easy question!
A. not to know B. not knowing
C. to not knowD. not knew
5. They shouldn’t allow _____ here; the street is too narrow.
A. to park B. parkedC. being parked D. parking
6. She imagined _____ into the office and everyone what she thought of them.
A. walking， telling B. to walk， to tell
C. to walk， telling D. walking， to tell
7. Peter， who had been driving all day， suggested _____ at the next town.
A. to stop B. stopped
C. stopping D. having stopped
8. It annoys me when people forget _____ “thank you”.
A. sayingB. having saying
C. to sayD. to have said
9. I forgot _____ a pen. Can you lend me one?
A. bringing B. to bring
C. having broughtD. to have brought
10. If you’re writing to your mother， don’t forget _____ something about her coming to stay.
A. to put inB. putting in
C. to gave put inD. having put in
11. We regret _____ passengers that the l4.50 train for Cardiff will leave about 37 minutes late.
A. to informB. informing
C. informedD. having informed
12. She stopped _____ about her illness and went on _____ us about all her other problems.
A. talking， tellingB. to talk， to tell
C. talking， to tellD. to talk， telling
13. He began by _____ us where the island was and went on _____ us about its climate.
A. showing， telling B. to show， to tell
C. showing， to tell D. to show， telling
14. — Robert is indeed a wise man.
— Oh， yes. How often I have regretted _____ his advice!
A. to take B. takingC. not to takeD. not taking
15. — Can I smoke here?
— Sorry. We don’t allow _____ here.
A. people smoking B. people smoke
C. to smokeD. smoking
【參考答案】
1—5 BAABD6—10 ACCBA11—15 ACCDD
