英語常見副詞用法詳解
下面是小編整理的一些英語常見副詞用法詳解，以供大家學習參考。
由於副詞短語和副詞的作用差不多，爲了方便，我們把兩者放在一起討論，統稱爲“副詞(短語)”，說明時間的稱爲“時間副詞(短語)”。
一.時間副詞(短語)
1、副詞(短語)表示的時間與動詞時態的關係
1) 表示過去時間的副詞(短語)，可和過去時的謂語動詞一起用，也可和“助動詞+現在完成時”構成的謂語一起用：
He“came”“was”born in 1940.
He“was” formerly( or once) a rich man.
He “arrived”two days ago.
He “got” married last week.
He “left” Paris two weeks back.
He“can't have arrived” here today week(or a week ago).
He “may have left”(on) Thursday week(or Thursday of last week).
The diamond “must have been stolen” on Friday before last.
2) 表示現在時間的副詞(短語)可以和各種時態一起用：
He“is”tired now.
He“is studying” music today.
We“are learning” music this year.
I “have done”my exercise this week.
He“will do” many things today.(今天早晨講的話)
He“did” many things this year.(今年較晚時講的話)
He“has done” many things this week.(週末講的話)
3) 有些副詞(短語)，可和現在完成時或一般過去時的動詞一起用：
I“saw”(or“have seen”) him lately(or of late，recently，before，before now，all along，right along， in the past，over the years).
He has just gone out.(英式)
He just went out.(美式)
4) 有些副詞(短語)，多和完成時態的動詞一起用，偶爾和其他時態的動詞一起用：
He“has been” ill since 2 June(or ever since，since two months ago).
Till now(or Up to now， Until this time)nothing“has happened”.
So far(or As yet，Thus far) he“had said” nothing to me.
So far he “was trying” without success.
There “is” as yet no hope for peace.
The guests “(had) arrived” by([=before or at] seven o'clock).
5) 表示未來時間的副詞(短語)，必須和將來時或現在(一般或進行)時的動詞一起用：
He“will come” tomorrow.
I“shall meet” him some day(or one day).
He“will begin” his work next week.
He“will call” on me in ten days(or in ten days time，ten days from now).
He“will do” it soon(or shortly，presently，instantly，before long，by and by).(這6個副詞及副詞短語也可以和過去將來時的動詞一起用：
He“would do”it “would come” shortly.)
He“arrives”this coming Thursday.
He“is to move”(on)Friday(of)next week.
He“is leaving” today week(or a week from today).
He“is returning” this day month(or a month from this day).
6) 個別副詞(短語)可以和過去時或將來時的動詞一起用：
She came last Monday and he “came” the day before(or two days later).
She will come next Monday，and he “will come” the day be- fore(or two days later).
7) 頻度副詞(短語)可以和任何時態的動詞一起用：
He“studied”(or“had studied”，“was studying”，“studies”，“is studying”，“has studied”，“will study”)every day.
He“is”always(or often，frequently，sometimes，occasion- ally，seldom，rarely，scarcely，hardly，never)ill.
I“have warned” him once again(or a time or two，once in a long while，now and then，now and again，again and again，time and again，over and over again ).
He will be permanently(or forever)blind.
The periodical“is” published daily(or weekly，monthly， quarterly，yearly).
8) 表示時間長度的副詞(短語)可以和任何時態的動詞一起用：
He“stayed”in France(for)three years.
They“gambled” all the year(round).
They “gambled” all the night (through).
He“started”work from 1950.
He“served”his country till his death.
He“will work” for me during my absence.
He “can cross” the river in thirty minutes(or in a short time).
We“are working” all(the) day long.
The fish “will not live”over the night(or over this week).
He“has done” much over the year.
I “have done”nothing during the vacation.
2、某些時間副詞(短語)的特殊用法
1) 有些時間副詞(短語)的特殊用法值得注意：
I shall go tomorrow(=the day after today).但：He went last Sunday，(or on the following day)(不能說I went on tomorrow).
但：He went last Sunday，and I went on the previous day (or the day before)(不能說yesterday).
He will go next Sunday，and I will go on the previous day(or the day be- fore)(不能說yesterday).
2)I saw him three days ago(=on the third day before to- day).但：I arrived last Sunday and I informed him of my arrival three days before(=on the third day before last Sunday)(不能說three days ago).
3)I shall see him in three days(=on the third day after to- day)(不要說after three days).
但：I arrived last Sunday and I saw him three days later (or three days afterwards，after three days，in three days).
I shall arrive on 6 July and will see him three days later(or three days afterwards，after three days，in three days).
4)I met him one day.
I will meet him some day(or one day).
I met him the other day(=a few days ago).
I will meet him one of these days(=in a few days).
5)He arrived on time(=at the appointed time).
He arrive in time(=early enough)for dinner(or to take dinner).
He will be punished in time(=sooner or later).
6)When did he meet her?Sometime(=At some time) last year.
—How often? Sometimes(=now and then)， not very often.
—How long were they together?(For) Some time， not very long.
7)He has learned music since June 1(till now).
He learned music from June 1(not till now).
He has learned it ever since(=ever since then).
He learned it long since(=long ago).
8)From 1970 to 1980，I met her four times(不要說for four times).
I was so shy when I saw her for the first time.
The meeting in 1980 was the fourth or the last time we had got together.
9)He has(or had)just left(=left a moment ago).
He is just starting(=is starting this moment).
He left just now (=left a moment ago).
He has left now(=is gone now).
10)Did you ever see it?(疑問句)
I hardly ever saw it.(否定句)
Tell me if you ever saw it.(條件句)
不要說：I ever saw it.(肯定陳述句)
11)At first he denied it;then(or soon，afterward)，he said yes;finally(or eventually) he denied it again.
First(of all) came A，next(or then)came B，last(of all)came C.
12)I will see her this day week(or month，year)(=in a week， month，etc.).
I saw her this day week (=a week ago).
13)He did not receive(or has not received) her answer yet.(否定句)
Did you eat(or Have you eaten)yet?(疑問句)
He would marry her if he loved her yet.(條件句)
He already knew it.(肯定句)
He still remembered it.(肯定句)
14)Is John here yet?(通常的問法)
Is John here already?(表示驚奇)
Is John still here?(表示不高興)
15)There is time yet(=still) fish is yet(=still)alive.
We may(or will)win yet(=sooner or later) must work harder yet(=still harder).
There is yet another it yet again.
16)I have(or had) been interested in music from a girl(or a child).
17)This custom dates(or goes) back to 1890，exists to this day.
18)be(=take place)後可跟各種時間副詞(短語)：
The show will be 9 p.m..(某一時刻)
The meeting was three hours.(一段時間)
The gathering is every Sunday.(頻度)
19)頻度副詞(短語)可以在意思上接近一個表示數量的形容詞，特別是當主語爲一個非特指的普通名詞時：
Doctors are always very busy.=All doctors are very busy.
Children generally like cakes and sweets.=Most children like cakes and sweets.
An old man often forgets what he has done.=Lots of old men forget what they have done.
Books are sometimes harmful to children.=Some books are harmful to children.
People are seldom concerned about others.=Very few people are concerned about others.
Good gamblers never curse or get angry.=No good gamblers curses or get angry.
它也可在意義上接近一個修飾賓語的表示數量的形容詞：
This desert is sometimes good for patients.=This desert is good for some patients.
Dennis always hates dishonest people.=Dennis hates all dishonest people.
He generally excuses the criminals who repent.=He excuses almost all the criminals who repent.
二、地點副詞(短語)
1、地點副詞(短語)概述
下面每個句子中都包含一個表示地點的副詞短語：
He stood at the center.
John moved from house to house.
They came to fought outside their own country.(包含介詞的短語通常都修飾動詞，很少修飾形容詞、副詞、介詞或連詞。)
The bird flew a long walked miles and miles.
They are inches sat three rows behind me.(沒有介詞的短語，可以修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、連詞或介詞。)
1、有些地點副詞原來就是副詞，如：
abroad，together，apart，overhead， forward，next，last，left， home， where， here， there
2、另一些，原來是介詞，當它的賓語省略掉時則成爲副詞：
I sat before John，and Mary sat behind(John).
Come down( the ladder).
The students stood around(someone or something).
Come in(=into my house).
He jumpd in(=into the water).
Can you swim across(this river)?
3、某些地點副詞(短語)的特殊用法
下面例句說明地點副詞的特殊用法，有些有引伸意義：
1)ABOUT：Don't throw the waste paper about(= here and there).
The children rushed about.
How did the quarrel come about(= happen)?They will bring about(=cause) the solution of the problem.
2)ACROSS：Things go across(=against us) sat just across(=opposite)(美語)him.
3)ANYWHERE，(ANYPLACE—美語)：I can't go anywhere.
ALONG：Move along(=on)， along(= over)and see took her dog along(=together)with her.
ALOOF：He always keeps himself aloof(=never mix with others).
APART：He always keeps himself apart(=aloof).
AROUND：He looked shook hands all around.
AWAY：He looked away(=turned his eyes away).
The colour(or The sound) faded away(=into nothing).
BACK：Call the dog back inside.
BY：He stood by(=near).
He hurried by(=past) flew me by
He put(or set，laid) the money by(=aside for future use).
DOWN：The price went heat went down(=to a lower degree).
We beat down the opposition，calmed down his feelings，put down the closed down the revolt died clock has run down.(down =to a less active condition).
I'll write(or put，set，take，get)it down(=record it) will go down(=be recorded) in history as a great practice persisted from 1950 down to handed it down to posterity.(down = to a later period).
FAR：He did not go he go far?He went a long way(instead of far) went as far as the north pole.I live far from(or beyond)the town.(far修飾介詞)
He lives far away(or far off). Someone waited far be- low(or far above，far beyond).(far修飾後面的地點副詞)
He goes too far(=goes to extremes) money will go far(=help greatly) to better his condition.
FURTHER：He lives two miles further on.
HALFWAY：He will meet me halfway.
HERE：We want but little here below(=in this life).
Listen here(=to me).
He came over lives near waited up here.
Come in here.(地點副詞+here)
Here is something for is(=I drink)to your success!Here comes the car!Here it comes!Here you are!(英式);或There you go!(美式)(=Here it is!)
Here goes!(=Watch，I'm ready to begin!)
Here(=At this point)he stopped a (=In this matter)he can't do anything.
IN：Come in(=into the house) jumped in(=into the water).I'll put in a notice(in = in the newspaper) sent(or shut) him land will be walled cut in his own name.
NEAR：He lives near by(=near). He has a dictionary near at hand(=near to him) vacation is drawing near. His fame spread far and near(=everywhere).
OFF：He set off(=started) took off his your hands off(=Don't touch it) off the buttons came(or fell) made(or got)off， 或took himself off(=ran away).I cannot let him off (=escape) so with(=Take off) your with you(=Be gone!).
Throw off(=Get rid of) walked off his headache;slept off his fatigue.
Clear( or Pay)off(=completely) your debt. We must kill off our enemies.
He cut off(=stopped) the steam(or the gas) switched(or turned) off the light. He broke off the declared off the left off his work.
They bought off(=bribed) the police.
He worked off and on (=intermittently).
He put the matter off(=aside).
We started straight(or right)off(=at once).
ON：He put(or threw，tried，had，kept)his clothes on (=on his body) had nothing put his shoes on (=on his feet);girded on a sword;buckled on an armour;drew on his l I help you on with your coat?On with your hat!
He worked(spoke，moved) on(=continually). we have to hold(or hang，cling) on(= keep on). We talked on and on(=went on talking). Go on with(=Continue) your reading.
On with(=Begin or Continue) your thing is going on(= happening). How are you getting on(= making progress) with French? He is getting on(=getting along) came on(= progressed) well in his studies.
He switched(or turned) on the gas(or the steam，the water，the light， the TV).
We looked on(=without participating in the matter).
Come on!(= Hurry!Stop behaving that way!)
He did it further( or later) on(=afterwards). You must be more careful from this hour on.
OUT：He slept( or dined) out(= away from home). We shall have an evening you go! Out with you!(=Be gone!)
He called(or cried) out.
We let out horses(or money) looked(or found) out a can't make out(= understand)the meaning.
He can work out(=solve) the problem.
Speak out(=loudly or freely) me straight out(or right out)(= without ambiguity). She had her cry out(=cried to the full) had his sleep out.
This fashion has gone out(= become out of date). Put(or Blow，Turn) out(= extinguish) the light. The fire has burned out.
Hear me out(=to the end).I can't hold out. He sat outthe show(=sat until the end of the show). He slept out the night. He sat out the others(=left last of all).
He knows the matter out and out(= thoroughly).
OVER： He swam over(=to the other side of the river).
He climbed over(=to the other side of the mountain).
He came over(=over some distance) from Singapore，went over to America. Take it over to John. Ask him over (= to come).
He fell over(=from an upright position). He knocked the vase over.
He turned the page over(= from one of its sides to the other). He rolled over and over.
The water in the pot boiled over(=beyond the rim).
They went over(=from their party or views) to us.
We won(or talked) them over to our views.
The house was searched over(=in all parts，thoroughly).
He looked(or counted，read， talked， thought) it over.
He is a diplomat all over.
I have to do it over(= again， from the beginning).
They built the temple(all)over(again). He read the book over and over again. I have done it three times over.I passed(or glossed， slurred)over(=ignored) his fault.I left the matter over(= aside). I let it stand over.
There are 15 dollars over(= left). He has 1000 dollars and( a bit)over(= and something).
THERE： You can go there(=to that place—重讀) and back in a day. You can find it here， there(=at that place)， and everywhere.
There goes the car(名詞)! There it(代詞) goes!
It is dangerous to climb up there.I'll go over there.
Why do you stand out there? Let's stand near(or above，below) there.(地點副詞+there)
There(= At that point) he stopped a moment. You are mistaken there(= on that point).
There is a good boy(=What a good boy you are)!
There is a good chance for you (= Note what a good chance it is)!(讚揚或鼓勵)
There(不重讀) is someone outside. There was born a child(=A child was born). There broke out a war. I want there to be peace. There was said( or supposed) to be a fire. There is no arguing(= You cannot argue) with him.
There! There!(重讀) Don't cry.(用來安慰孩子)
There!Didn't I tell you? There!You've spoiled every thing.(忿忿，不悅或滿足)
THROUGH： He has got through(= passed)( the exam).
I have read it through(= from the beginning to the end). I saw the accident all through. She knows me through and through. He got through with(=finished) all the work he had to do. I see through his trick.
We must carry through the plan(=execute it successfully).
The train went through(=direct) to the city.
The scheme fell(or dropped) through(=failed).
I'll put you through to the manager(=I'll make telephone connection between you and him).
UNDER：A piece of cloth should be placed under( something in question).
He brought the rebels under(his control). He kept(or got) the fire under. He cannot keep his temper under.
UP： Lee lives four floors up. Up with you(=Get up)!
I started(or sprang) up. He looked for it up and down (=everywhere).
He went up to(or lived up in) London(to or in a place of more importance). Did he go up to Oxford( or Cam-bridge)?(和DOWN比較)
He went up to(or lived up in) Edinburgh(to or in a place in the north).
He walked up(=over， across， or around)(= to the speaker or the place in question).
We sailed up(=against the current).
They stirred up the revolt. He praised her up. I screwed up his courage.(up = to a higher or stronger degree).
He tore up the paper，locked up the door， tied up the dog，wound up the clock， sealed up the letter. The pond had dried up. The fire has burned up.(up有“徹底”的意思，有時在口語中幾乎沒有意思。)
The products do not come up to(=attain) the standard.
He lives(or acts) up to(=in accordance with) the principle(or his promise). His fortune amounts(or comes) up to(=totals) a million pounds.
WEST： They sailed village lies west(=to the west) of the capital. He went west(=died).
WESTWARD(S)： He went westward(s).
圖解：
{ewc MVIMAGE,MVIMAGE, !4F6305T1.bmp}
c.方式副詞(短語)
1)概說
1657 大多數方式副詞都是形容詞後加詞尾-ly構成：
quickly carefully traditionally
faithfully luckily internationally
但有些以-ly結尾的詞是由名詞加詞尾構成，是形容詞：
queenly soldierly friendly
beggarly worldly heavenly
cowardly scholarly miserly
這樣的詞不是副詞，因此不能說 She walked queenly.而要說She walked in a queenly manner.不能說 He treats me friend-ly.而要說 He treats me in a friendly way.但是以-ly結尾的形容詞有時直接用作副詞，而不再加-ly，以避免不協調的聲音：
We have acted manly(不要說 manlily) in these circumstances.
He died untimely(不要說 untimelily).
The army retreated orderly.
1658 有少數表示方式的副詞性短語可以用方式副詞代替：
He treats John with kindness(= kindly).
He speaks Japanese with fluency(=fluently).
I can do it with ease(=easily).
They marched off in triumph(= triumphantly).
He has told you in private(=privately).
By good luck(= Luckily) I find the thing I lost.
He sent the letter by mistake (=mistakenly).
He deceived me on purpose(= purposely).
He screamed like a fool(=foolishly).
但多數這類短語不能用副詞代替：
He comes of a rich family.
He failed because of his negligence.
It is made by John.
He was killed with a stone.
It is made of iron.
He is starved to death.
We wished for peace.
He went out in spite of the rain.
Plants will die without water.
1659 表示方式的短語相當大一批是由介詞引起的，如1658中所給的例子。另一大批爲地點副詞，亦稱副詞性小品詞，常可用在動詞成語中，表示方式而不是表示地點。有些地點副詞跟在不及物動詞後(參閱1346)。
He drew up(=stopped) before a store.
Hold on(= Wait) a second， please.
The machine broke down(=didn't work properly).
Things work out(=develop) badly.
He didn't show up(= appear).
The couple split up(=ended their relationship) just an hour after their wedding.
He turned in(= went to bed) at eleven.
Speak up(=speak in a loud voice).
有些則跟在及物動詞後面：
We put on(=presented) a show.
He turned down(=refused) my application.
Don't hold up(=delay) the traffic.
You made up(=invented) the story.
I'll take on(=undertake) the task.
We have to put off(=postpone) the trip.
還有一些跟在不及物動詞後，後面再跟一個介詞：
She came around to(=agreed to) my views.
She went in for(=got interested in)photography.
I have to fall back upon(= depend upon) his support.
We stand up for(= support) his policy.
Can you catch up with(=overtake) your class?
2)帶-ly詞尾的單音節副詞及不帶-ly詞尾的單音節副詞
a)帶-ly詞尾的副詞和不帶-ly詞尾的副詞可以有相同的意思
1660 特別值得注意的是一些單音節形容詞，可以有兩個副詞形式，一個帶詞尾-ly，一個不帶-ly。這類副詞，有些兩種形式意思相同，但用法不同。帶-ly的副詞可以用在所修飾的動詞前面或後面，而不帶-ly的副詞通常緊跟在一個特定的單音節動詞後，與這個動詞構成一種習用語：
CHEAP(LY)：We must buy cheap(= buy at a low price)and sell dear. It costs cheap.
Victory cannot be bought cheaply (=with little loss).
He got off cheaply(引伸用法).
可和DEAR(LY)比較。
CLOSE(LY)：He held(or clasped，hug， shut)it close(ly).
DEAR(LY)： He wants to sell dear， but does not want to pay dear. It costs dear.
He loves her dearly. He pays dearly(= suffers) for his folly.
DEEP(LY)：He drank deep(= drank to excess). Still waters run deep. It was buried deep.
I felt his death deeply.I deeply regret it. He is deeply interested.
FAIR(LY)： He played fair(or fairly)(= acted justly).
We fought fair(= fought honestly). Copy it out fair(=clearly).
We deal fairly with him. We act fairly by all men.
FALSE(LY)： He played(someone)false(=cheated some-one).
They falsely accused him.
FINE(LY)：It suits me fine. We are doing fine.
It is finely down. He is finely dressed.
FIRM(LY)： He stood(or held) firm(=stuck to his opinion).
He firmly believes it. He fixed it firmly.
FIRST(LY)： He came first(=before all the others).
He first saw her in 1969.
First(ly)， we should be kind to ndly，…
FOUL(LY)：He played foul(= acted unjustly). The ship fell foul of(= ran against) the rocks.
They murdered him foully.
FULL(Y)：I know it full(=completely)well.
It has not been fully understood. I cannot satisfy him fully.(fully爲程度副詞而不是方式副詞)
HIGH(LY)：He lived high(= lived luxuriously)， paid high (=paid a high price)， played high(=played for large stakes)，aimed or flew high(= was ambitious). The bird flew high.
They spoke(or thought) highly of(= praised or respected) him. He is highly paid.
LAST(LY)：He arrived last(= after all the others).I last (=for the last time) saw her in 1969.
Lastly，I will phone to you in case of need.
可和FIRST(LY)比較。
LOOSE(LY)：The dog broke(or got) loose(=escaped). He played fast and loose(= acted recklessly and inconstantly).
The bolt work loose(or free)(= became loose).
He used this word very loosely.
LOW(LY)： He buys low and sells lived(or paid，played，aimed， flew) low. He bowed(or lay) low.
He sang(or spoke) low. The supply ran low(=became diminished).
He spoke lowly(=humbly).
He bowed lowly(=humbly).
可和HIGH(LY)比較。
NEW(LY)：It is a new-built hotel.A new-made dress was on display.A new-coined word is sometimes very attractive.
It is a newly built are a newly married couple.
PLAIN(LY)：Write plain and speak plain.
I told him plainly.
QUICK(LY)：He got rich ran( or went，walked)quick(ly).
He quickly ran to the opposite side.
可和SLOW(LY)比較。
RIGHT(LY)：Please turn judged(or guessed，remembered) matter whether you act right or wrong，you will suffer.
He is rightly rightly suppose that.I cannot rightly recollect.
可和WRONG(LY)比較。
SLOW(LY)：Go slow(=Work slowly，Be less active) slow(ly) they did it!We drive slow(ly).
Let us drive slowly spoke to that deaf boy.
可和QUICK(LY)比較。
SOUND(LY)：He slept sound(ly).
STRONG(LY)：He is going strong(=continues to be vigourous).
He(or That)is coming( or going)it rather( or too)strong(=makes an extravagant proposal or claim).
He strongly supports our smelled strongly of alcohol.
SURE(LY)：Sure enough， he will do what he's promised.
He will surely come.(但 surely爲一個肯定副詞)
THICK(LY)：Snow fell thick. The blows came thick and fast.
The hill is thickly wooded.
TIGHT(LY)：He held(or clasped，hug，shut) it tight(or tightly).
可和LOOSE(LY)比較。
TRUE(or TRULY)：He aimed true(= aimed correctly).
He told me true(= told me the truth) animal will breed true(=breed in accordance with the parental type) spoke truly.
可和FALSE(LY)比較。
WRONG(LY)：He aimed(or heard，spelled the word，told me) got it wrong(= miscalculated). It worked out thing has gone wrong.
They are wrongly accused(or informed，directed).
可和RIGHT(LY)比較。
b)帶-ly詞尾的副詞和不帶-ly詞尾的副詞可有不同的意思
1661 有些副詞，兩種形式的意思互不相同：
DIRECT(LY)：Speak to him direct(=not in a round-about way).I went to Hong Kong direct.I sent it direct to him.I got it from him direct.(亦可用 directly)
Come here directly(= at once). I will be back directly (= very soon) family is directly e has been a directly opposed tendency.
EASY(EASILY)：Take things easy(= Be in no hurry) come，easy go.I can do it easily(= with no difficulty) machine runs easily(= smoothly).
FIT(LY)：She laughed fit(= till she was ready) to die.
She can sing sorrowful songs fit to make you cry.
The matter has not been fitly handled.
FLAT(LY)：The play fell flat(=produced no response).
He lay flat on his sang flat(= sang below the true pitch) denied it flatly (=down right).
FREE(LY)：I got it free(of charge).I was admitted free.
You can criticize anybody freely.
HARD(LY)：He works hard(= strenuously). He drinks hard(=excessively) rained hardly(=scarcely) knows it.
LATE(LY)：He arrived late(= beyond the right time) goes to bed was ill lately(=recently).
LOUD(LY)：Don't talk(or laugh) so loud.
He boasted( or praised her) loudly(引伸用法) is very loudly dressed.
MOST(LY)：Mary is the most(= in the greatest degree)beautiful.I love Mary are mostly(=chiefly)nice people，though not all of them are.
NEAR(LY)：He came near(= approaching something).
He nearly(=almost) is nearly finished.
PREVIOUS(LY)：It happened previous to(= before) his ar-rival.
He has said it previously.
ROUND(LY)：We turned(or looked)round.
I told him roundly(=flatly).
SHARP(LY)：Look sharp(=Be alert) car turned sharp.
He answered me sharply(= seriously).
SHORT(LY)：He stopped short(=suddenly stopped)n(or went)short of(= lacked) result came short of(= failed to meet)the requirements.
I'll be back shortly(=soon) answered me shortly(=briefly).
SHY(LY)：I fought shy of(= kept away from) her.
She shyly(=bashfully) mentioned her lover.
SOUND(LY)：He is sound(= thoroughly)asleep.
He slept is soundly beaten.
WIDE(LY)：He spoke wide of the mark(= incorrectly).
The islands are widely travelled widely.
They differ widely.
c)帶-ly詞尾的副詞表示方式，不帶-ly的副詞表示程度
1662 另一些帶副詞，不帶-ly的形式，用來表示程度，修飾形容詞、副詞、連詞、介詞或後面的動詞;而另一種形式表示方式，修飾它前面或後面的動詞：
CLEAN(LY)：All he has is clean(= completely) gone. I have clean forgot is cleanly dressed.
CLEAR(LY)：The bullet went clear(= entirely)through his leg. The robbers have escaped clear away.
He speaks clearly.
CLOSE(LY)：He followed close(= a short distance)behind brought him close to ruin.A church is close by.
He watched her closely(=strictly)d him closely.
DEAD(LY)：It is dead(= completely) is dead drunk(or tired，certain，slow，against me).
He is deadly(= dangerously) is deadly pale.
DEEP(LY)：He studies deep(= far)into the night.
I regret it deeply(= bitterly).
JOLLY(or JOLLILY)：He knows you jolly(= very) well.
He laughed jollily.
JUST(LY)：He left just read this.
He is justly(= rightly) justly criticized this policy.
MOST(LY)：She loves her mother most of all.
They mostly(=chiefly) come from the north.
PRETTY( or PRETTILY)：It is pretty(= moderately)good.
She is prettily dressed.
RIGHT(LY)：He dashed right(=all the way)to the end of the turned right has read right(=completely)through the stood right(=exactly)in the middle.
I understand her rightly(= correctly) I heard you rightly，I don't have to pay I remember rightly，they got married in 1985.
WIDE(LY)：The gate is wide e two parties are wide apart in their is wide awake.
He travelled widely.
圖解：
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d.程度副詞(短語)
1663 下面例句中的副詞(短語)表示不同的程度。程度副詞(短語)用來修飾形容詞的最多，但也常用來修飾動詞：
接近零程度— He can not hardly(or scarcely)knows it. I little expect is by no(manner of)means respected by his should on no account trust this man.I'll not for the world(or for anything)(=never) speak against anyone.I don't care a fig(or a jot，a bean，a bit， a rap，a damn，a pin)(= do not feel sorry)for his is not a bit(or a jot，a whit，a hair，a tit，a rush，a button)injured.I cannot in any way tell you all the is not in the least(or not at all)happy.I simply(or just)can't help.“Will he give up?” “—The devil(or The heck，The deuce)he will”(=He won't).“Is he honest?”“Like hell(or Like fun)he is (= He never is)”.“ He is so kind.”—“ Kind my foot( or my eye)!”(= Very unkind)
較小程度—He writes a little.I was somewhat(or slightly，a bit) helps some(=a little).
某種程度— This matter depends more or less(or in a way，to a certain degree) on your decision. It sort of(or kind of)(= somehow)amazes is partly broken.I half believe in ghosts.
較大程度— He is deeply(or greatly，highly，not a little，very much，more than) villagers were mainly killed by the ess depends considerably(or in a great degree，to a great extent)on your patience.
I need it badly(or sorely) helps a lot(or a great deal) car runs nice and(= very) works good and(=very) hard.
極大程度— The town is entirely(or totally，completely，utterly) fully(or thoroughly，quite)understands her.I fairly(or clean) forget about it.
Her heart is broken through and can omit it altogether.
漸漸— The people speak less and less but think more and more. I moved gradually(or bit by bit， step by step，little by little)toward my object.
僅僅— He only(or merely) reads，but never writes.
I just(or simply) asked her about her is sold exclusively(or solely) at this firm.
足夠— Has the fish been cooked enough?
Could money be sufficiently earned?
幾乎— He nearly lost his almost forgets his own face. He all but died.
過份— He drinks to worried himself too much.
Don't believe excessively in fate.
圖解：
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e.肯定副詞(短語)
1664 肯定或不肯定副詞(短語)常常用來修飾整個句子，或用在簡短回答中。
肯定副詞(短語)：
Surely(or Sure) he knows it!Surely he knows it?
Really(or Truly)he knows it.
Undeniably(or Doubtlessly) Rex has been a drug pedlar many years.
Clearly(or Obviously)，Harold was killed by his only opponent.
“Do you want your children to obey your order?”“Definitely.”
You should by all means(= certainly) follow the rules.
“May I go now?”“By all means(= Certainly).”
True(or Indeed) she loves him，but she keeps silent.
Sure enough(or To be sure，No out ubtedly，Of course，Naturally)he knows it.
In fact(or In point of a matter of it is，As the matter is，In truth，In reality)(=not in name，word，appearance，or imagination)，he is a big shot，a demagogue，not only in name.
I can't tell you for sure(or for certain).
He has become an alcoholic，all right(or and no mistake).
不肯定副詞(短語)：
“Can he possibly know it?”“He may possibly know it.”
Perhaps(or Probably，Maybe) he is not happy.
Did you，perhaps，see John?
He generally，but not necessarily，comes at eight.
I dare say(or Presumably)，he won't agree with you.
In all likelihood(or As likely as not)(= most probably)，he will lose all his fortune.
3.副詞(短語)的位置
a.有關7類副詞(短語)位置的特別規律
1665 當副詞(短語)修飾動詞以外的其他詞時，它的位置很容易確定。但在修飾動詞時，其位置卻不易確定，它可以放在主語前面、助動詞前面、主要動詞前面、及物動詞賓語的前面、補語前面、動詞後面、賓語後面或補語後面。在一個特定的句子中，只有一個或兩個這類位置，從語法或修辭角度上考慮是最好的。例如在
—John—will—lend—me—his bicycle—. 中，tomorrow只適宜放在一二個位置上，而不是很多位置上。
下面所給“規律”只是一些建議，因爲特定的副詞(短語)有特殊的習慣用法，宜於放在某個特定的位置，有些還會隨着作者的特殊意圖有特殊的位置。
1666 爲了決定副詞(短語)的位置，我們把它們分作7類，而不是5類：
1)地點副詞(短語)：there，forward，ashore;in Japan，at the station，on high
2)時間副詞(短語)：yesterday，ago，yet;on Sunday，this evening，for five days，from 1950 till 1960，since last Januray
3)頻度副詞(短語)：often，rarely;from time to time
4)肯定副詞(短語)：surely， definitely，probably;no doubt
5)程度副詞(短語)：greatly，partially;beyond measure，to some degree
6)方式副詞(短語)：slowly，sadly;at a low price，in jest
7)疑問副詞(短語)： where?why?how?when?for what reason?in which room?
圖解：
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不管tomorrow在句中位置如何，它在圖解中的位置不變。
1)地點副詞(短語)
1667 地點副詞(短語)可以：
a)放在主語前面。能用在這個位置的副詞很少，但可用在這個位置的副詞短語卻很多：
Outside，the wind is blowing. Here I airs they are gambling.
In Japan everybody works behind a voice said，“good morning” the west lay a large villa.
Into the city I've never driven this car.(這是錯句，否定謂語不能放在表示方向的狀語後面，而應放在前面，應當說：I've never driven this car into the city.)
爲了強調可以放在主語前面的副詞有：off，up，away，over， down，out， in，back，round， on， above，along，about， below，inside，outside
Off went John. Off John he(代詞) went.(但不可說Off went he.)
Down fell the vase. Away he d and round flew the bird.
Up you jump! In you go!
Up with the King!Down with Fascism!Off with his head!Away with you!
可以放在不及物動詞及主語前面。用在這個位置的副詞爲there，here，還有一些表示地點的短語，後面跟有以下不及物動詞：be，come， go，follow，stand，sit，lie，remain，live， enter， appear， happen， arise， take place，然後跟有一個可能較長的表示人或物的主語：
There is a haunted house. There is a haunted house there (or here).(第一個 there沒有特別意義，第二個there 或here表示地點。)
There entered on old man who was over eighty years old but looked very healthy and strong.(較長主語)
Here stands a hero of our country. Here comes the car!
Here lies my e goes Jane!(但不能說There goes she!)
At the end of the wood( there) lies a around the hut(there) grew many beautiful the centre of the hall(there) stood a round out at sea(there)came a fishing-boat.
b)放在主要動詞前時極少。
c)放在及物動詞後，放在賓語之前或之後。可放在這個位置的副詞爲a)中所列off，up，away等詞。如果賓語較長並受到強調，副詞要放在它前面，如果賓語爲代詞，副詞則必須放在它後面：
He put on his coat. He put his coat on.
I picked up the book.I picked the book up.
She gave away her gave it away.(不可說She gave away it.)
He poured me out some tea.(不可說 some tea out)
She sent him off a gift(不可說 a gift off)
(句中有一間接賓語)
She took out “the eggs，butter， cakes and other things.”
He picked up“the money he had thrown away when he had been angry”.
He will bring back to me“the radio-set he borrowed last week”.
(副詞必須放在較長的賓語前面)
Drink your wine ch the light the cigar out.
Take everything your hat off.(在祈使句中這類副詞常放在句末)
I put down(= wrote down) his name. He took over(=assumed control of)the saw through(=were not deceived by) his trick.
We carried the project through(=We completed it successfully，put it into practice) laughed the criticism away(=He ignored it).
(“及物動詞+地點副詞”常常構成成語，並不表示位置。這種成語有時也可分開，如最後兩句的情況。)
如果一個表示地點的副詞(短語)和一個表示方向的副詞(短語)一起用在一個謂語後面，表示方向的副詞(短語)應放在表示地點的副詞(短語)前面，它們之間不用and，or這類連詞：
We drove from west to east in the city(但不可說We drove in the city from west to east.也不可說 from west to east and in the city)
如果謂語後跟有兩個表示地點的副詞(短語)，表示較大地點的副詞(短語)要放在表示較小地點的副詞(短語)後面，如果要把其中一個放在主語前面，應將表示較大地點的副詞(短語)提前：
They can kiss on the street in the U.S.(但不可說 in the the street)
In the can kiss on the street.(但不可說Onthe street they can kiss in the U.S.)
如果有幾個表示方向的副詞(短語)，則可按事物發生的順序安排：
From Eighth Street we proceeded past the Grand Hotel to the park，and then turn to the west.
如果副詞(短語)表示賓語(而不是主語)的位置，它們應放在賓語後面：
I keep the tools on the rack.
We arranged a picnic in Mary's backyard.
I like a vacation by the seaside.
Everybody expects a revolt from all directions.
This fine climate attracts us to this country.
d)放在謂語後面時最多(即放在不及物動詞、補語、或及物動詞的賓語後面)：
He went this train arrived at my town.
He climbed to the top of the tree.
He feels lonely in a foreign stars look small at a great distance.
Hang your coat over there.I met him downtown.
圖解：
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2)時刻或時段的副詞(短語)
1668 表示某個時刻或某段時間的副詞(短語)可以：
a)放在主語前面。可用在這個位置的副詞及短語有：
yesterday，tomorrow，today，now，once，originally，first，recently，soon，immediately;one morning，just then，three days ago，later on，sooner or later，until then，so far，just now，all at once，during the summer，from 1970 to 1983，since May，since when?until when?how long ago?…，還有由in，at，on，between，by，during，about，before，after，(for)，from…to(or till)，since，till or until等介詞引起的短語：
Recently we have been working he arrived at the morning he received his first lesson.
Ten years ago I invested very much capital in three nights she did not 1975 to 1979 he and I studied e a week ago，I have been sick.
不及物動詞有時可放在時間副詞(短語)和主語之間，更多的強調主語或引出主語(可參閱1667 a))：
Now came John and many t came came another followed an excited dialogue.
During the summer there broke out a great accident.
In the previous week there spread a rumour about his remarriage.
下面的副詞(短語)常常用在主語前面起從屬連詞的作用：
directly，immediately，once，now(原來都是副詞)，the moment，the instant，the years，the spring，every time，all the time，the few minutes(原來是名詞加修飾語)：
It rained directly(or immediately)(= as soon as) he left home. Once you see him，you will never forget him.
Now you mention it，I do time you come，you are few minutes he ate，he had ten telephone the time he talked，I kept silent.
b)用在助動詞前。能這樣用的副詞及短語除a)中第一段所列副詞外，還有last，already，yet，before，shortly，just，still，eventually;for a moment，as before這類副詞或短語：
He will soon come would some day understand me.
I was yesterday morning walking along the was soon after caught by the was some time before put into has long(since) been a dead man.I have long admired his has recently (or lately)seen her.
c)間或用在主要動詞(或助動詞)前面：
He at one time told me the same thing you are telling me.
We formerly did it，but we nowadays forget the custom.I temporarily，but not permanently，love her.
He recently has behaved better than he formerly did.
Peter，a long time ago，had vanguished the already has seen so far(or this far)hasn't spoken with me.
d)大多數都放在謂語後面。用在這個位置的有a)第一段所列的副詞及early，late，already，yet，shortly，briefly，awhile，long這類詞。能這樣用的短語很多，包括a)中提到的介詞短語。
表示某一時刻(時)的副詞(短語)：
He came left at the last divided the property on the death of their father.I came(or will come)on Sunday(=last or next Sunday).
He came(or will come) on a(or the) Sunday(= another Sunday than last or next) expressed surprise at see-ing me.I felt envy on hearing the news.
表示某段時間的副詞(短語)：
I have slept(for) studies English(for)three has been here many months. He has learned medicine since lived here from 1950 till exists to this day.I have opposed it all along.I'll live here forever died here during the visited many places in the course of(= during)the summer (or the trip) lived in this village all his life and never left it a day.
圖解：
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注意從屬連詞directly的圖解法。
3)頻度副詞(短語)
1669 頻度副詞(短語)可以：
a)用在主語前，表示強調或對比。用在這個位置的詞有never，seldom，rarely，occasionally，sometimes，often，repeatedly;once a week，four times，from time to time，again and again，now and then，as a rule：
Sometimes he lly he came by himself.
Occasionally he called on r have I been there.
b)間或用在助動詞前(用在簡短評語、回答及反駁中，這時助動詞受到強調)：
“They can find time for amusements.”“They always can.”You have learned Japanese，but I never have learned any foreign language.“I have to cook my own break-fast.”—“But I seldom need do so.”
c)在大多數情況下用在主要動詞前面，用於這個位置的大多爲單個副詞，如：
always，permanently，perpetually，continually，continuously，incessantly(這類表示“不斷”的副詞不能用在否定詞前，不能說 He will always not like it，而要說He will never like it.)
Generally，usually，ordinarily，commonly，normally，habitually，customarily，regularly;ftoen，frequently，repeatedly(這類表示高頻度的副詞可以用在否定結構後，表示“很少”，如：I don't usually(= rarely)take breakfast.)
Sometimes，periodically，occasionaly(表示中等頻度的副詞)
Rarely，seldom，hardly(ever)，scarcely(ever)，bare-ly，little，infrequently，unusually，uncommonly(表示低頻度的副詞)
Never，not，not ever(否定副詞)
例句：
He can hardly see me，because he is has always often goes to the never tells lies.I don't usually(=rarely) go to the theatre.
短語用在這個位置時不多：
His family has，time after time，got into trouble.
He would，as a rule，get up at six.
d)上面提到的副詞通常放在be後面，但be受到強調時可以放在它前面：
He always is a never is seldom is.
They never hardly is.
e)放在謂語後面。可用在這個位置的副詞有continually，often， frequently，repeatedly，occasionally;hourly，daily，monthly;once，twice，again：
I have said it repeatedly to called on me occasion-ally.
I take a walk twice daily(不能說 daily twice).
I learn kungfu three times weekly(or a week).
常用在這個位置的短語有：
every four days，each summer，on alternate days as a rule，as usual，most often，often enough，in general，in quick succession
many times，not infrequently，again and again，time after time，time and(time)again
once in a while，once and again，now and again，every now and then，at(odd)times，from time to time，off and on，on several occasions
例句：
This morning we went to work as usual.
I read the poem again and again.
I practise Karate off and on.
I go to the movies once in a long while.
He came saw her very often.
He did it once in a studies French at odd times.
He taught me four times a week.I learn music every three days
f)c)中所給副詞有些可用在謂語後表示強調或作爲以後補加的意思：
She went to the pictures sometimes.
He loves her always.
圖解：
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4)肯定副詞(短語)
1670 表示肯定或不肯定的副詞可以：
a)用在主語前面。用在這個位置的副詞或短語可以看作是整個句子的修飾語，它們是truly，indeed，really，actually，eventually，surely，obviously，assuredly，undoubtedly，certainly，evidently，apparently，clearly，admittedly，naturally，probably，presumably，perhaps，maybe，possibly，very likely，in truth，in fact，no doubt，of course， as a matter of fact，sure enough，oddly enough，strange enough，rightly or wrongly：
Certainly he can do anything so long as it's profitable.
Surely he divorced her!
In fact，he knows nothing.
b)用作句子的簡化形式。這樣的副詞或短語有yes，certainly，quite，absolutely，decidedly，naturaly，evidently，obviously，precisely，surely，sure(Am.)，willingly，with pleasure，very well，of course，no，never
“Do you know it?”“Yes.”
“Is he a fool?”“Absolutely.”
“Do you love her?”“Of course.”
c)間或用在助動詞前(用在簡短評語、回答及反駁中，這時助動詞受到強調)：
He certainly(or surely，probably，possibly) surely has. He simply can' surely simply must give up.
d)在多數情況下用在主要動詞前面或助動詞後面。能這樣用的有a)中所列副詞或短語，在用作整句修飾語時，前後常加逗號：
He really understand himself?John probably loves her.
My father of course knows you.(用在主要動詞前)
He will actually do what he has threatened to.I a matter of fact，done all I has，at any rate，confessed his fault.(用在助動詞後面)
比較：I do not really know(= I know very little).I really do not know(=I know nothing).
e)用在謂語後時很少，除非是表示強調，或作爲後來想起的話：
They will get married，perhaps.
John has done something silly—no doubt.
You didn't complain to her，Surely(= I believe or hope).
圖解：
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注：句子修飾語in fact的圖解法。
5)程度副詞(短語)
1671 程度副詞(短語)：
a)用在主語或助動詞前時很少。
b)常常用在主要動詞前面。能這樣用的副詞及短語有：
almost，nearly，entirely，thoroughly，perfectly，vaguely，slightly，strongly，little，in all likelihood，as much as，not so much as，as good as，sort of，at any rate，at least：
I almost quite agrees with wholly for- got half smiled and half rather hates it.I hardly think so.I scarcely understand it.
He has fully understood her. They will，on the whole， agree to my proposal. The business will，in the fullest degree(or in some measure)，depend upon the political situation.(用在助動詞後面)
He does not see it.(not必須放在助動詞及主要動詞之間)
Can't he go?(問句)
Don't talk too much.(禁止)
但not放在being及having前面：
Not being able to go，I stayed at home with Mother.
Not having finished my work， I can't leave.
此外，有時有另一副詞(短語)可放在not和主要動詞之間：
He does not entirely believe me.
c)常常放在謂語後面：
I like it very need a house badly.I depend upon him fully for advice.I respect him highly(or greatly) needs money terribly(or awfully， dreadfully) suffered to such a degree.I love Mary best of all.I know it quite loved her to a ridiculous extent.
I don't care(or care not)a jot(or a button， a bit， a whit，a morsel，a fig，a damn)abut it. I don't mind(or value) it a rush(or a rotten nut) blamed me no laughed no end.I love my mother a whole big balloon. He thought world of his accident speaks volumes for the danger of a drunk- en driver.(用作程度副詞的名詞或名詞短語必須放在謂語或動詞後面)
圖解：
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6)方式副詞(短語)
1672 方式副詞(短語)可以：
a)放在主語前用來加強語氣。可這樣用的副詞及短語不計其數：
Suddenly the door ly he walked down the ly and impressively he rose from the seat. In a low voice he one blow of his are he cut it by one they came out. To his great de- light he saw his home ly，but with courage， did he accomplish at once did we start.
Bang goes the door Whizz goes the went the h went the went the bag of k came the come the accident. Crash went the disaster of the family.(表示聲音的副詞常放在動詞go或come前面)
如果主語前有well，so， to such straits這樣的副詞(短語)，它們和主語之間應有一個助動詞：
Well can we say may he do anything he likes.
He has started and so must all of he can go， so can we.
I like art and specially do I like music.
To such straits was I reduced!To such lengths did he go that nobody wanted to talk with such a point (or a degree) will the war go on that all will be destroyed.
副詞前若有how與它構成感嘆句，則副詞必須放在主語前面：
How beautifully she sings!How quickly he runs!
下面這些副詞稱爲連接副詞，通常放在主語前，可以看作一種並列連詞：besides， also， then， likewise， moreover， again，in addition，nap，what is more;only，still，all the same，however，nevertheless，and yet，howbeit，con versely，on the contrary，on the other hand;therefore， hence，so，thus，consequently，accordingly，then，in consequence，as a result;otherwise， else(可參閱 1668a))：
It may sound strange;however，it is always wears a red shirt;hence he is so nicknamed. He is poor; besides，he has a large he cried;then he liked gambling;as a result he became a good- for-nothing.
下面這些詞，特別是放在主語前面時，修飾整個句子：fortunately，luckily，unluckily(for him)，happily， tragically;clearly，indisputable;essentially，characteristically;similarly;incidently，inevitably，naturally， normally;curiously，interestingly，miraculously，ironically，surprisingly，unexpectedly;personally，honestly， frankly;geographically，militarily，politically，culturally;namely;firstly，finally，lastly;as for me，as to your proposal;by the way;for instance，for example; first of all，in the first place;to my thinking;at any rate，in any case，in short， in brief， in fine，in conclusion，in a word，in one word，in other words; in plain English，in plain words;oddly enough.
Interestingly，the eye is like a camera. Hands manipulate tools;more important，they create rtunately he dies of onally，I do not like his manner of raphically，Laos is a small for my school，English is the main a word，this is not an easy job.
b)用在主要動詞前或助動詞後。a)中所列連接副詞及修飾整個句子的副詞及短語可用在口語中，前後有停頓，在書面語中前後有逗號，當這種副詞及短語較不重要時，可用於這個位置：
My brother，besides，knows five people， naturally，like n and China，historically， belong to the same and Mary，likewise， can help ，however，will simplify matters.
This will，however，simplify must，accordingly，inspect the spot of the people will，of course，see through his passengers have，luckily，been saved.
可用在主要動詞前或助動詞後，特別是認爲這個主要動詞比副詞(短語)更重要，或是後面跟有一個較長的修飾語或賓語時。這種副詞很多，如 bravely，quietly，凡所有以-ly結尾的副詞都可以這樣用，這種短語也很多：
He ardently desired deeply regretted his past.
He slowly walked down the street with his promptly answered the has anxiously inquired for his brother，who suddenly disappeared years ago.
The clown，with no warning，jumped from behind the ，like every other child，is fond of sweets and woman，with tears in her eyes，left her husband.(這種短語前後都要加逗號)
He had，by mistake，thrown it may，for convenience，be left boy can，under a suit- able condition， grow into a great man. He has，in a fit of anger，killed a steadfast and trusted friend.
c)在多數情況下都用在謂語後面。大多數方式副詞及短語都可以或必須放在這個位置：
He spoke naturally(= unaffectedly). [rally (=Of course)he knows.]He looked in looked at the boy ran away fearfully.
The work has been done carefully(or，has been carefully done)se hold it tightly.
They revolted against the unjust can do it at your sold it for seven distributed the property among his would have gone out but for engine goes by drank liquor by the are for the translates the article word by started for Hong cannot refrain from was taken aback on being told about this.
He stood there，hat in hand(or cigar in mouth， gun on shoulder). He came home with face clouded( or with smiling face，with beating heart，with bent head).(這種短語中的名詞前不加冠詞)
He looked my travelled third-class.(用名詞作狀語)
It costs ten dollars， weighs 30 kilograms.I bought it (for)five dollars，(at)five dollars a pound.(表示數量的名詞可以用作狀語)
His heart went door went house fell crash hit him smack in the face.(可和a)類句子比較)
d)下面例句表明了一類方式副詞(短語)的用法及位置，這類副詞(短語)表示說話人的評語，修飾整個句子：
Dennis suffered，very unjustly，for a fault not his own.
They rose in revolt，ungratefully， against their leader.
He remained，wisely，single until thirty.
圖解：
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7)疑問副詞(短語)
1673 疑問副詞(短語)必須用在助動詞及主語前面：
When do you start?How can you do it? Where does your brother study English?Why should they resign?
In what way did he get it?For what reason could he speak ill of me?In which paper did you read the news? Of whom are you thinking(口語中多說 Who are you thinking of)?What time did you come?
圖解：
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b.關於副詞(短語)位置的19條一般規則
1674 1)除了on，away，up，down這樣的地點副詞，沒有其他副詞(短語)可以放在及物動詞及其賓語之間。下面例句中的副詞(短語)都放在錯誤位置，應當放到賓語後面去：
He speaks fluently likes very much my understands very clearly your reviews again and again his lessons.
但如果a)賓語比副詞(短語)長得多，b)賓語被認爲比較重要，或c)賓語是一個從句，則這個副詞(短語)必須放賓語、動詞或主語的前面：
a) He brought to school so many books，pictures， magazines etc.I copied from him the lecture notes concerning the structure of the atom. Please return before Sunday all the books you have borrowed from the put into execution the plan he made years took to heart what I had told him.(放在賓語前，主要動詞後面)
We have，with great difficulty，defended this village of our fathers and enemy has many times at- tacked the people inhabiting this area.(放在主要動詞前面)
Here they study chemistry，physics，biology and incredible speed，he conquered all his opponents who had looked down upon him.(放在主語前面)
b) He received from his friends many precious g emphasized from time to time the importance of love and duty. John is reading very carefully a letter from his wife.
c)After a moment I said that I could do nothing for her.I asked out of curiosity with which boy she dined yesterday evening.
1675 2)肯定、程度及頻度副詞絕大多數放在主要動詞前或助動詞後：
He certainly loves his parents.
He will probably come tomorrow.
I very well know the value of his assistance.
He little understands what he himself says.
He seldom goes to the movies.
John has sometimes written to Mary.
I shall always remember what you have done for me.
1676 3)如果動詞爲be，則副詞(短語)通常都放在be和補語之間：
He is，no doubt，a good doctor.
The amount is，in all probability，the same as before.
He is，to some extent(or in a way)， a famous musician.
He is rarely sick.
He is always late.
副詞(短語)也可用在被動結構中，位置在be和過去分詞之間：
It will be altogether workers were fully is earnestly hoped that… The war is need- lessly prolonged.
1677 4)如果有幾類副詞(短語)一起用，它們的順序可安排如下：
肯定 地點 方式 頻度 時間
He probably went to Japan by air twice in 1962.
We met there unexpectedly last Monday.
He's certainly gone abroad with his wife recently.
I studied in London under Mr.A for a year.
1678 5)如果有兩個時間狀語，表示較小單位時間的狀語宜放在較大單位時間的前面：
I will meet you at three o'clock tomorrow.I saw the film on Tuesday evening last week.
如果較大單位時間比較重要，或較小單位時間是後來想起的，則其順序也可以顛倒：
I arrived yesterday afternoon，about five o' and I got married in 1968，in the month of July.
1679 6)有兩個地點狀語時，較小的單位一般放在前面，但有時也不如此，其順序往往根據文體或句子平衡的需要來安排：
He lived at a small village in a northern spent the holidays at a cottage in the spent the holidays in the mountains，at a cottage we rented from a friend.
1680 7)最好不要把所有的狀語放在一個地方：
I returned “to the village”“ by train”“before dark”“one day”.(不好)
“One day before dark” I returned “to the village”“ by train.”(較好)
1681 8)如果把幾個狀語放在一起，通常宜於把最短的放在前面，把最長的放在最後：
He arrived“silently”“after all his companions” slept “soundly”“on a very large bed” sat“down”“by mistake”“on the back of a sleeping crocodile”.
“Tomorrow” “at five” “when it begins to dawn”， I shall go to a distant city. I shall stay “here”“for three days ” “while the festival is going on”.“Yesterday”“just before breakfast”“when I was writing a letter”， Mr.A called at my house.(先是單詞，然後是短語，最後是從句。)
1682 9)像refer to，insist on， beware of;play hell with，take care of，lay stress on;live up to，put up with， look down on;line up，get along，fool about，carry on， give forth，gamble away這樣的成語最好不要分開：
He has always firmly and passionately believed in manners.(比 believed firmly and passionately in manners.好)
He depends upon his uncle for his education.(比depends for his education upon his uncle好)
she looks patiently after the baby.(中間有時可插入短的狀語)
1683 10)包含 this，that， like， such， so， thus， the這類詞的狀語，和其他與前面句子或段落有關的狀語，最好放在主語前面：
Just at that moment，a man such a sight，they all this manner he they I do they started the he r the war， many were like manner they were what has been said，this theory is very easy to understand.
1684 11)放在動詞前的狀語帶有裝飾性，有時可以省掉，而放在動詞後面的狀語比較強調，更爲重要：
They suddeny attacked attacked us suddenly.
We quietly went went away quietly.
I immediately corrected it.I corrected it immediately.
I often go to the pictures.I go to the pictures very often.
1685 12)一個狀語，爲了強調而加以重複時，必須放在句子前面：
She decides to go tomorrow，and tomorrow she must go.
She cried sorrowfully，and sorrowfully everyone sighed.
John learned Chinese with difficulty，and with difficulty he had learned everything.
( is as happy as happy(形容詞)can moth- er thinks I must have a wife，wife(名詞)I must have.)
1686 13)最好不要把狀語放在兩個動詞之間，以免意思含糊不清。下面句子都不妥當，需要改正。例如在第一個句子中，如果immediately修飾第一個動詞，那它應當放在wrote的前面，反之，如果它修飾第二個動詞，它就應當放在 tell the news後面：
I wrote immediately to tell him the news.
I have telephoned to him three times to come.(最好說 I have three times telephoned to him to come.或是說 I have telephoned to him to come three times.)
To inform him immediately I rang him up.(在 immediately之後應加一逗號)
下面例句是正確的：
My son now and then asked(×) to follow me to the earnestly hoped(×) to see kindly suggested(×) taking care of my little candidly admitted(×) having gone out with her boyfriend.(“×”表示狀語不宜放的位置。)
1687 14)如果主要動詞前有兩個助動詞，修飾整個句子的副詞(特別是頻度及肯定副詞)要放在兩個助動詞之間，而修飾主要動詞的副詞(特別是方式副詞)應放在這個動詞的前面：
a) Tigers have often been discovered in this area.
You can never have seen such a beautiful place.
He will probably be made President of the Company.
He has surely been punished for his offence.
He may，unfortunately，be killed by robbers.
b) This decision will be publicly announced.
I would have carefully done it，if it had been useful.
He must have seriously considered this matter.
1688 15)要使副詞(短語)儘可能靠近它修飾的動詞：
We went to deserted village almost ten miles away from the capital yesterday.(不好)
We went yesterday to…capital.(較好)
Yesterday a guest who had come from a distant country called on me.(不好)
A guest…me yesterday.(較好)
Immediately，he told me to leave his house.(不好)
He told me to leave his house immediately.(較好)
1689 16)某些副詞，如 only， alone， also， too， even，可能只與某個詞有關，應儘量使之靠近這個詞：
Only John(n.)(Nobody else) saw Mary there two days ago.
John only saw(v.)Mary(did not talk with her) there two days ago.
John saw only Mary(n.)( not anybody else) there two days ago.
John saw Mary only there(adv.)(not in any other place) two days ago.
John saw Mary there only two days ago(adv-phrase) (not more than two days ago).
He alone( Nobody else) loves her.
He loved her alone( nobody else).
He loves her for her simplicity alone(not for any other reason).
Even John(not only his elder brothers and sisters) writes articles for the newspaper.
John even writes articles for the newspaper(not only does other things less important).
John writes even articles for the newspaper(not only letters， which are easier to write).
John writes articles even for the newspaper(not only for his own school).
Her husband，too(not only she)，spends a lot of money.
Her husband spends a lot of money， too(not only earns so much).
Her husbnad spends a lot of money on dress too(not only on other things).
1690 17)一個包含否定詞(或有否定意義的詞)的副詞(短語)可以放在“助動詞+主語+主要動詞”的前面來加以強調：
Nowhere can I find a cleaner place.(否定的地點副詞或短語)
In no other land do I wish to live and die.
Neither from the north nor from the south does he come.
Only to Asia(=To no other places than Asia) can we export our goods
From the Middle East alone(=From no other areas than the Middle East) does this country obtain its oil.
Not until sixteen had this great writer learned to write.
(否定的時間副詞或短語)
Never have I said anything to him.(正確)
No have I said anything to him.(錯句，not雖爲否定詞，都必須用在短語中，不能單獨這樣用。)
No to anyone have I said anything.(正確)
No sooner had I touch the pillow than I fell asleep.
For only a few(= not many)months could my married life be called happy.
Less than a month have I learned to cook.
No a fig does he care!(程度副詞或短語)
If you do not know her，much(even， still)less do I.
If you can't answer the question，no more can I.
Least of all could I kill anyone.
Hardly(or Scarcely)(=Not quite) had he seen me when he called out to me.
Never in all her life has she seen such a handsome man.
(頻度副詞或短語)
Rarely(or Seldom)(= Not often)did he notice such a matter.
Not infrequently may I get the permission to see the boss.
No longer can I stand his impudence.
By no means must you say that.(方式副詞或短語)
Under(or In) no circumstances must anyone violate the rules.
Only by stealing can he make his living.
Only when one has enough to eat can one be honest.(副詞+狀語從句)
No though you made a request would he agree.
Hardly ever has there been any case like that.(注意there been的位置)
Never will there be any World War Ⅲ.
不過，要是一個短語，雖然包含否定詞，卻沒有否定意義，句子仍用正常語序：
Not long(= A short time)ago I still saw him.(不要說did I still see him.)
Not many(= A few) months later， he came again.
Not infrequently(=Often) he told me the same story.
(也可說 did he tell…)
Not only she agreed，but also her husband said “yes”.
(也可說 Not only did she agree…)
儘管副詞(短語)並不是否定的，間或也可有“副詞(短語)+助動詞+主語+主要動詞”這樣的語序：
In vain have I written all these articles.
From time to time has he said that，but nobody cares.
Still more was I impressed with her manners.
Many a night did John wait for her at the corner.
Of the fifty students，can only five pass this year.
1691 18)副詞(短語)，特別是地點和時間副詞(短語)，可以放在表示“存在”、“出現”、“發生”等的不及物動詞前面，而主語(第一次出現的東西或加以強調的東西)放在後面(參閱1667 a)，1668 a))：地點副詞(短語)：
At the end of the wood stood a church.
By the front door entered three soldiers.
In this beautiful palace lived a king and his daughter.
All around the house grew millions of flowers.
On the grass(there)lay a shepherd.(在狀語和不及物動詞之間可以加 there，也可不加。)
By the river(there) has a pagoda(短的主語) stood for 101 years.
By the river(there) has stood a pagoda as high as 30 meters.
There happened an accident in this city.(這裏的 there 不可省略)
時間副詞(短語)：
Soon after this omen began a revolt.
At last came the wedding day.
In 1952 was born one of my daughters.
When father returned from France，there happened(or took place)something strange.(帶有狀語從句)
Just as they drank merrily，there came a terrible knock at the door.
如果句子主語很長，可以放在不及物動詞後面，而把副詞(短語)放在動詞前面：
In all her splendour appeared the bride followed by two pretty children.
For the sake of justice died hundreds of people who made a peaceful protest.
In such surroundings there was born(= appeared)a man of extraordinary ability，destined to save his nation.(被動語態的動詞在語法上相當於一個不及物動詞)
In her hands was placed all his being and all his happiness.
There was taken to the mayor a man one hundred and twenty years of age and still in good health.
1692 19)有些副詞可以放在幾個位置，而有不同的意思：
NOW
I am now(=at this moment)reading a novel.
I am reading a novel now(更爲強調).
He lost all his money in (用作連接副詞，對前面的話加以解釋，或只引起注意)this money he had borrowed from his aunt.
AGAIN
I again(= once more)tried the project.
I tried the project again(更爲強調).
He is a scientist，and again(=besides，用作連接副詞)he knows seven languages.
SO
I told him so(= the same thing).
It is raining，so(= therefore，用作連接副詞)I can't go out.
INDEED
He knows a lot of things indeed(用來加強語氣).
He is，indeed(系動詞 be之後)，the best man I know.
Indeed(和 but連用)， he knows a lot of things，but he is selfish.
ONLY
I can tell you only(放在賓語前面)this(= nothing else than this).
He is very kind，only(= yet，用作連接副詞)he doesn't know how to talk.
ONCE
I have been there once(= one time，on one occasion).
He once(= formerly)lived in the country.
Once(= after one time，用作連接副詞)I visited the place，I could recognize all the streets.
YET
He has not yet(= till now)come.
He has studied English five years， yet(= but) he is unable to write letter
