世界首例 法國男子“二度換臉”

A French man is recovering in a Paris hospital after becoming the first person in the world to undergo two face transplants.
法國一位男子成爲全球第一位接受了兩次臉部移植手術的人。目前他正在巴黎一家醫院進行康復治療。

Hamon suffers from neurofibromatosis type 1, a genetic mutation which causes severely disfiguring tumours and related complications.
哈蒙患有1型神經纖維瘤病，這種基因突變導致其臉部畸形並引起併發症。

Hamon underwent his first transplant in 2010, but his body eventually rejected his new face which had to be removed.
哈蒙在2010年接受了首次臉部移植手術，但他的身體最終與新的臉龐產生了排斥反應，不得不移除。

He is now in a Paris hospital, three months after undergoing an uNPRecedented second transplant carried out by Laurent Lantieri, the same professor of plastic surgery who carried out the first procedure.
目前他在巴黎的一家醫院。三個月之前，整形外科教授勞倫特·蘭蒂耶裏醫生爲他進行了史無前例的第二次臉部移植手術。首次移植手術也是由蘭蒂耶裏操刀。

Hamon’s new face remains smooth and motionless, with his skull, skin and features yet to be fully aligned – a gradual process reliant on immunosuppressant drugs which, it is hoped, will prevent his body from rejecting the transplanted material.
他的新臉表皮仍很光滑，沒有表情，整個臉形尚未與他的頭骨輪廓貼合。這是一個逐步進展的過程，醫生希望免疫抑制劑能阻止其身體產生排斥反應。

“I feel very well in myself,” Hamon, 43, told reporters. “I can’t wait to get rid of all this,” he said.
43歲的哈蒙告訴記者說：“我感覺非常好。我等不及擺脫這些了。”

His first face transplant in 2010 was a success. But that same year – in order to treat a common cold – he was given an antibiotic incompatible with his immunosuppressive treatment.
他在2010年接受的首次移植很成功，但就在當年，爲了治療一次普通感冒，他接受了抗生素治療，這種藥與其免疫抑制劑相剋。

In 2016 he began to display signs of transplant rejection, and his new face began to die, leading Lantieri to remove it.
2016年，他出現移植排斥反應，臉部開始損壞，蘭蒂耶裏醫生必須將其移除。

That left Hamon without a face, a condition that Lantieri described as “the walking dead”. Hamon had no eyelids, no ears, no skin and could not speak or eat. He had limited hearing and could express himself only by turning his head slightly, in addition to writing a little.
這使得哈蒙的臉龐被移除，蘭蒂耶裏形容這種狀況爲“行屍走肉”。哈蒙失去了眼瞼、耳朵、皮膚，無法開口說話和進食。他聽不太清楚，只能通過輕微轉動頭部來表達想法，還可以稍微寫幾個字。

Hamon remained in hospital without a face for two months, while a compatible donor was sought.
哈蒙臉部移除後在醫院裏住了兩個月，這期間一直在尋找合適的捐贈者。

Eventually, a second face donor became available, and Lantieri and his team performed a second transplant in January.
最終他等來了第二位捐贈者。蘭蒂耶裏和團隊今年一月爲他進行了第二次臉部移植手術。

Before undergoing the second transplant, doctors had to replace all of the blood in his body in a month-long procedure, to eliminate some potentially problematic antibodies from previous treatments.
在接受第二次移植前，醫生需要在一個月內把他體內的血液全部更換一遍，以清除第一次移植後留在其體內的可能有問題的抗體。

“For a man who went through all this, which is like going through a nuclear war, he’s doing fine,” Lantieri said. He added that Hamon is now being monitored like any other face transplant patient.
蘭蒂耶裏說：“經歷所有這些就像是熬過一次核戰爭，他做得非常好。”他補充說，哈蒙正在像其他臉部移植患者一樣接受監測。

Hamon’s first face was donated by a 60-year-old. With his second transplanted face, Hamon said he managed to drop a few decades.
哈蒙第一次臉部移植的捐贈者是一位60歲的老人。而在接受了第二次移植手術後，哈蒙說他成功減齡了幾十歲。

“I’m 43. The donor was 22. So I’ve become 20 years younger,” Hamon joked on French television on Tuesday.
哈蒙週二在接受法國電視臺採訪時開玩笑說：“我43歲，捐贈者22歲，所以我又年輕了20歲。”

Despite all the anxiety and suffering, Hamon said he was a happy man again.
儘管有焦慮也有痛苦，哈蒙說他現在很快樂。

“The first transplant I accepted immediately. I thought ‘this is my new face’ and this time it’s the same,” he told AFP.
他在接受法新社採訪時說：“第一次移植手術的時候，我當時立刻就接受了。我想‘這是我新的臉龐’，這次也一樣。”

“If I hadn’t accepted this new face it would have been terrible. It’s a question of identity … But here we are, it’s good, it’s me.”
“如果我沒有接受這張新的臉龐，情況會一直很糟糕。這是身份問題……但你看，現在我很好，這就是我。”

There have now been about 40 face transplants throughout the world since the first partial transplant was performed on Isabelle Dinoire in 2005. Her nose, lips, chin and parts of her cheeks had been removed after she was bitten by her dog.
目前全球已有大約40人接受人臉移植。2005年伊莎貝爾·迪諾瓦爾接受首例人臉局部移植手術，她被自己的狗咬傷後，鼻子、嘴脣、下巴和部分臉頰接受了移植。