交流方式 Forms of Communication
很明顯，我們要參與我們所生活的這個社會，我們就必須與其他人進行交流。
A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech.
大量的交流是在個人與個人的基礎上通過簡單的說話方式進行的。
If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions, receive news or comment, and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.
當我們乘車旅行，在商店購物或者是到飯店吃飯時，我們很可能與別人說話，在這個過程中，我們會提供信息，發表意見，接受一些消息或評價，而且我們的觀點也極有可能會受到其他社會成員的挑戰。
Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of contemporary society.
面對面的接觸絕不是唯一的交流方式。在過去的200年裏，大衆傳媒藝術已成爲當代社會的主導方面之一。
Two things, above others, have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry.
其中有兩樣最重要的東西帶動了通信工業的迅速發展:
Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television.
首先，各種各樣的發明是的印刷，通訊，圖片，廣播以及電視等不同行業有很大的發展；
Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself is often almost eclipsed by international news.
其次，速度的變化使得信息的傳播與接收發生了革命性的變化，這使得地方新聞與國內新聞相比常常處於下風，而國際新聞常常使國內新聞黯然失色。
No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority.
信息已不再僅僅是被那些享有特權的少數人獨佔。
In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries.
在上個世紀，那些擁有私人圖書館的富人的確是幸運的，但是如今有了公共圖書館。
Forty years ago people used to flock to the cinema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program that is being channeled into millions of homes.
40年前，人們會成羣結隊地去電影院看電影，但如今更多的人坐在家裏打開電視機去看那些通過各種頻道傳播到千家萬戶的電視節目。
Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information.
交流已不再僅僅與信息的傳播有關。
The modern communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entertainment.
現代通信工業使人們有更多的途徑獲取信息，教育，娛樂，從而影響了社會中人們的生存方式，拓寬了人們的視野。
The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing, educating and entertaining.
印刷業，廣播業以及廣告業都與信息，教育，娛樂有關。
Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very valuable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the vast modern network of communications is open to abuse.
儘管很多通過大衆媒介傳播的東西，對我們個人和我們都是其中一分子的社會是十分有價值的，但現代偌大的信息通訊網絡還是容易被人濫用。
However, the mass media are with us for better, for worse, and there is no turning back.
但不管大衆傳媒是好是壞，它都將和我們在一起，這種趨勢是不可逆轉的。
