中國成全球第五大武器出口國
China has ousted the UK as the world’s fifth-largest arms exporter by volume, mainly because of shipments to Pakistan, according to a report.
一份報告稱，中國已取代英國，成爲全球第五大武器出口國，主要原因是中國對巴基斯坦軍售數量較大。The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute yesterday said Chinese arms exports rose 162 per cent between 2008 to 2012, propelling China into the top five arms-exporting countries for the first time since the cold war.
斯德哥爾摩國際和平研究所(SIPRI)昨日表示，中國武器出口在2008年至2012年期間增長162%，推動中國自冷戰以來首次躋身於全球前五大武器出口國之列。Also, it is the first time the UK has not been one of the top five conventional arms exporters since at least 1950, the earliest year covered by Sipri data.
同時，這也是至少自1950年（SIPRI數據追蹤的最早年份）以來英國首次不在全球五大常規武器出口國之列。
Pakistan took 55 per cent of Chinese arms exports between 2008 and 2012, according to Sipri. During that time, China’s share of global arms exports rose to 5 per cent from 2 per cent in 2003-07, taking the country from eighth to fifth place in the rankings.
根據SIPRI的數據，2008年至2012年，巴基斯坦是中國55%武器出口的目的地國。在此期間，中國佔全球武器出口的份額從2003-07年期間的2%升至5%，排名從第8升至第5。“Military exports are one way for China to increase its international status,” said Li Hong, secretary-general of the China Arms Control and Disarmament Association. “China needs to increase its influence in regional affairs and from that perspective it needs to increase weapons exports.”
“軍品出口是中國增強國際地位的方式之一，”中國軍控與裁軍協會(CACDA)祕書長黎弘表示。“中國需要在地區事務中提高自己的影響力，從這個視角看，中國需要增加武器出口。”Chinese defence spending is now second only to US military outlays. At current rates, Chinese spending could catch up with the US – which accounts for more than 45 per cent of global military spending – as early as 2025.
中國軍費支出目前僅次於美國。按當前趨勢推算，中國軍費支出可能最快在2025年就趕上美國（目前美國佔全球軍費支出逾45%）。For now, however, Chinese exports lag behind other countries with much smaller populations and economies. The US share of global conventional arms exports is 30 per cent. Russia, meanwhile, accounts for 26 per cent, German exports constitute 7 per cent and France accounts for 6 per cent.
但就目前而言，中國的武器出口仍少於一些人口和經濟規模都小得多的國家。美國佔全球常規武器出口的30%，俄羅斯佔26%，德國佔7%，法國佔6%。The rapid expansion in Beijing’s military budget in recent years and a focus on technological advances have raised the sophistication and competitiveness of Chinese weapons.
近年中國軍事預算的快速擴張，加上對先進技術的專注，都提高了中國造武器的技術含量和競爭力。This allowed China to cut the volume of its weapons imports in half in 2008-12 compared with 2003-07, when it was the largest importer of conventional weapons.
這使中國在2008-12年期間的武器進口量與2003-07年期間相比減少一半。2003-07年期間中國是全球最大的常規武器進口國。In 2008-12, China ranked second behind India, with 69 per cent of all Chinese weapons imports originating in Russia.
2008-12年期間，中國在武器進口量方面排在印度後面，位列第2，中國進口的武器中69%來自俄羅斯。India accounted for 12 per cent of all conventional arms imports in the period.
同期印度佔全球常規武器進口的12%。
