敘利亞停火協議將於2月27日起實施
美國與俄羅斯已同意2月27日起在敘利亞“停止敵對行動”，此舉是爲了遏制暴亂的不斷升級，已經有數支外國勢力捲入這場內戰。
The ceasefire plan does not include Isis or al-Qaeda’s Syria branch, Jabhat al-Nusra, and leaves open the option for other groups to be excluded if they are deemed “terrorist” organisations by the UN Security Council.
此次停火計劃不包括“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯蘭國”(ISIS)以及基地組織敘利亞分支“努斯拉陣線”(Jabhat al-Nusra)，其他組織如果被聯合國安理會(UN Security Council)視爲“恐怖分子”組織，也可以將之排除在協議外。
Moscow and Washington, who back rival sides in the conflict, called on other parties to declare their acceptance of the plan by midday, Damascus time, on Friday, February 26.
俄羅斯與美國政府在敘利亞衝突中分別支持對立兩方，兩國政府呼籲其他各方在2月26日，本週五大馬士革時間中午以前宣佈接受該計劃。
According to the peace deal, Moscow, which backs Bashar al-Assad, the Syrian president, and Washington, which backs the rebels fighting to oust him, would set up a communication hotline and, potentially, a “working group” to ensure the plan’s implementation and the honouring by their sides of the ceasefire.
根據這一和平協議，支持敘利亞總統巴沙爾阿薩德(Bashar al-Assad)的莫斯科，與支持反政府武裝的華盛頓將共同建立一個溝通熱線，可能還會成立“工作組”，以確保停火協議的實施，以及停火雙方執行該協議。
John Kerry, US secretary of state, called on all sides to accept the deal. “If implemented and adhered to, this cessation will not only lead to a decline in violence but also continue to expand the delivery of urgently needed humanitarian supplies to besieged areas and support a political transition to a government that is responsive to the desires of the Syrian people,” he said.
美國國務卿約翰克里(John Kerry)呼籲各方接受該協議，他表示：“如果協議獲得切實執行及遵守，停火不但會令暴力事件減少，還可以繼續擴大向被圍困的地區提供急需的人道救援，並支持政治過渡到一個能夠響應敘利亞人民願望的政府。”
Vladimir Putin, Russian president, said it was essential that Russia and the US, as co-chairs of the International Support Group for Syria, were ready to effectively monitor implementation of the ceasefire by both the Syrian government and armed opposition groups.
俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾渠京(Vladimir Putin)表示，該協議對俄羅斯和美國都很關鍵。作爲敘利亞國際支持小組(International Support Group for Syria)的聯合主席，兩國已準備好有效地監督敘利亞政府和反對派武裝力量執行停火協議。
The agreement “could become an example for responsible joint action of the international community,” he said, in a statement.
普京在聲明中表示，該協議“可能成爲國際社會負責任的聯合行動的示例”。
Late on Monday, the High Negotiations Council, which represents the opposition in peace talks, issued a statement indicating it had accepted the terms of the cessation of hostilities.
週一晚間，代表敘利亞反對派參加和平談判的“談判最高委員會”(High Negotiations Council)發聲明表示接受停止敵對行動的條款。
Meanwhile, Mr Assad, called a parliamentary election for April 13, according to a statement issued by the presidency on Monday. Syria’s last parliamentary election was in 2012 and they are held every four years.
與此同時，敘利亞總統阿薩德在週一發表聲明稱將在4月13日舉行議會選舉。敘利亞每四年舉行一次議會選舉，上一次是在2012年。
A ceasefire is critical for Syria, whose war has killed about 300,000 people and displaced half the population. Russia and Iran have intervened military on behalf of Mr Assad while a US-led coalition has bombed Isis in the east. Most recently, Turkey has targeted Syrian Kurdish militants advancing near its border.
敘利亞急需一個停火協議，這場戰爭已致30萬人死亡，一半國民流離失所。代表阿薩德的俄羅斯和伊朗已加以軍事幹預，而以美國爲首的聯軍則在東部轟炸ISIS。最近，土耳其將向其邊境附近推進的敘利亞庫爾德武裝鎖定爲目標。
However, plenty of scepticism surrounds the plan. This month, peace talks sponsored by Washington and Moscow collapsed as Assad forces launched an offensive under Russian air cover to capture rebel strongholds in the north, forcing tens of thousands of civilians to flee.
但是該停火計劃受到了大量質疑。本月，由美俄兩國政府發起的和平談判未能成功，因爲阿薩德部隊在俄國空軍的掩護下發動進攻，佔領了反抗者在北部的據點，迫使數萬平民逃離。
Moreover, the deal does not rule out air strikes, a clause that rebels fear will be used against them. It does not prevent outside powers providing military aid to the warring parties. Mr Assad said on Sunday he would accept a ceasefire as long as “terrorists” did not use it to improve their positions, specifically pointing to a halt in weapons supplies. Damascus defines all rebel groups fighting it as terrorists.
此外，該協議並不排除繼續空襲，反政府武裝擔心這一條款將被用來針對他們。這份停火協議沒有阻止外部力量向交戰各方提供軍事援助。阿薩德在週日表示，如果“恐怖分子”不利用停火協議獲得更有利的位置，他纔會接受停火，他特別指出要停止武器供應。敘利亞政府將所有反政府武裝定義爲恐怖分子。
It is unclear how Syria’s US-backed Kurdish militants, who have been carving out an autonomous region in the north, will react to the ceasefire plan. The deal calls for all parties to stop seizing territory but the Kurds have been taking land from rebel forces in Aleppo’s countryside on the grounds that the fighters were tied to Jabhat al-Nusra. ]
目前尚不清楚受美國支持的敘利亞庫爾德武裝會對停火協議作何反應，他們在北部已獲得了一個自治區。該協議要求各方停止佔領土地，但庫爾德人一直在搶奪反政府武裝在阿勒頗(Aleppo)農村地區的土地，理由是當地武裝分子與努斯拉陣線有緊密聯繫。
Mr Kerry made no mention of Mr Assad’s fate or Russia’s increased air strikes in recent weeks. This is likely to anger opposition groups that are already at odds with the US after it pushed them to go to the failed negotiations in Geneva.
克里沒有提到阿薩德的命運和最近幾個星期俄羅斯空襲的增加。這很可能會惹怒反對派團體，由於美國迫使他們去日內瓦參加那場不成功的和談，他們與美國已產生分歧。
“If there was trust this would be different but right now there is no trust — not in Russia and not even in the international community,” said Yasser al-Youssef, a political representative of the Nour al-Din al-Zinki brigades in Aleppo.
阿勒頗Nour al-Din al-Zinki反政府武裝政治代表亞西爾優素福(Yasser al-Youssef)表示：“如果這裏面有信任，結果將會不同，但現在這裏面沒有信任，俄羅斯沒表現出信任，甚至連國際社會也沒有表現出信任。”
“Before this deal, Russia said they were intervening to stop Isis and 90 per cent of the time it was us rebels or civilians who got hit,” Mr Youssef said.
優素福說：“在這份協議之前，俄羅斯表示他們正在施加干預以阻止ISIS，但90%時間遭受打擊的是我們這些反抗者或平民。”
The rebels have yet to decide on their position regarding the ceasefire, as does Mr Assad.
敘利亞反政府武裝尚未決定是否接受這份停火協議，阿薩德方面也一樣。
