轉換爲生態農業將益於健康和環境

A switch to ecological farming will benefit health and environment

轉換爲生態農業將益於健康和環境

A new approach to farming is needed to safeguard human health and avoid rising air and water pollution, high greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss, a group of 20 leading agronomists, health, nutrition and social scientists has concluded.

農學家、健康專家、營養師、社會科學家等20個研究小組已經得出結論 ，新型農業需保障人類健康和避免空氣水污染蔓延，避免高溫室氣體排放和生物多樣性喪失。

Rather than the giant feedlots used to rear animals or the uniform crop monocultures that now dominate farming worldwide, the solution is to diversify agriculture and re-orient it around ecological practices, says the report (pdf) by the International panel of experts on sustainable food systems (IPES-Food).

可持續發展食品系統的國際專家小組 (IPES-Food)報道稱，相較於目前飼養動物的大型飼養場和單一的農作物種植爲全國農業的主導，解決辦法是多樣化農業和圍繞生態重新定向農作物種植。

The benefits of a switch to a more ecologically oriented farming system would be seen in human and animal health, and improvements in soil and water quality, the report says.

該報道指出，從生態學的觀點來看，更具導向性的農業系統將會給人類和動物健康、土壤和水質改良帶來更大的利益。

The new group, which is co-chaired by Olivier De Schutter, former UN special rapporteur on food, and includes winners of the World Food prize and the heads of bio-science research groups, accepts that industrial agriculture and the global food system that has grown around it supplies large volumes of food to global markets.

以奧利維爾·德舒特爲聯合組長的新團隊，他是前任聯合國關於食物的專業記錄員、世界食品獲獎者、生物科學研究小組帶頭人，接受了工業化農業，並通過全球食品系統圍繞產業化爲全球市場提供大量食品。

But it argues that food supplies would not be greatly affected by a change to a more diverse farming system.

然而對於轉換爲更具多樣化的農業系統不會很大程度上影響食品供給，這點仍有爭議。

The group's members, drawn from rich and poor countries with no affiliations to industry, say that industrial agriculture's dependence on chemical fertilisers, pesticides and antibiotics to manage animals and agro-ecosystems, has led to ecological, social and human health crises.

來自富裕國家和貧窮國家的團隊成員與工業沒有隸屬關係，他們說，依賴化肥、農藥、管理動物和農業生態所需抗生素的工業化農業已導致生態、社會和人類健康的危機。

"Today's food and farming systems led systematically to negative outcomes and vulnerabilities. Many of these problems can be linked specifically to the industrial-scale feedlots and uniform crop monocultures that dominate agricultural landscapes, and rely on chemical fertilisers and pesticides as a means of managing agro-ecosystems," the group says.

該團隊說"今天食品和農業系統出現很多負面影響和漏洞，成規模的工業化飼養場和統一的單一農作物爲主導的農業場景，特別是依靠化肥和農藥作爲管理農業生態系統的手段，導致了這些負面影響和漏洞。"