代詞精析：先行項爲中性名詞時，代詞的選擇

當我們說一件沒有生命的物體時，代詞就不需要根據名詞的性別來定了，那麼，該用什麼樣的代詞來指代沒有生命的物體呢？有什麼規則呢？小編爲大家準備了一整套解析：

當先行項爲單數中性名詞時，即表示無生命的名詞時，代詞以及相應的限定詞常用中性（it，its，itself）。

例如：

That book has lost its cover. I will put a new one on it tomorrow.

Have you received my letter? It was posted a month ago.

This machine works by itself.

但是，如果說話人帶感情色彩也可以使用陰性或陽性代詞來指代中性物，如船員常用she稱呼ship:

The sailors saw a ship in the distance. She was sailing toward the rocky island.

又如人們常稱呼自己所愛的汽車爲she或her：

A: How is your new car?

B: Terrific. She is going like a bomb.

如果先行項爲動物名詞，通常用中性代詞來指代，但若說話人帶有感情色彩，或者把動物擬人化，可用陽性或陰性代詞。

例如：

Look at the bird. It always comes to my windows.

The cat leaped onto my bed and coiled herself there.

The blackbird rushed away to the bush, where he remained perching for about a minute.

當先行項爲表示天體名稱或某些抽象概念的名詞時，代詞或相應的限定詞用中性，但若說話人帶感情色彩或者把這些無生命物擬人化，也可用he或she，依習慣而定。

例如：

The sun is shining in all his splendid beauty.

Love begins playing his old tricks every spring.

History has revised her verdict.

The Autumn gave golden fruit to garden, but to the giant’s garden she gave nothing.

當先行項爲國家名稱時，如果僅視爲地理名詞，代詞或相應的限定詞用中性，但若視爲政治實體或者說話人帶感情色彩，代詞或相應的限定詞用陰性。

例如：

China is in East Asia. It is one of the largest countries in the world.

In the last decade of the 20th century, China began to assume her role as a world power.

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